medigraphic.com
ISSN 2007-8560 (Print)
Órgano Oficial de Difusión Científica de la Federación Mexicana de Colegios de Ortopedia y Traumatología, A.C. (FEMECOT)

2022, Number 2

<< Back Next >>

Ortho-tips 2022; 18 (2)

Incidence of microorganisms in human tissues procured

Matus JJ

Language: Spanish
References: 34
Page: 107-111
PDF size: 169.17 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: The grafts are obtained from different tissues, depending on their origin they are classified into: autografts, allografts and xenografts, they are selected, packaged and sterilized. During the selection process, germs that contaminate them are identified and that determine their acceptance or not for clinical use. Material and methods: Swabs were taken from the tissues obtained from 2015 to 2019, they were sown in different culture media and the germs that developed were determined. Results: Of the 4,620 tissues swabbed from 385 donors, 61% showed no growth; the iliac crests and Achilles tendons showed growth of Staphylococcus spp. in higher prevalence (25%), 19% was S. aureus. Tissues with Enterobacteriaceae (7%), Clostridium spp. (0.42%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1.42%) were destroyed. Conclusion: Due to the bioburden found in the tissues sought, it is concluded that some of these must be eliminated with sterilization methods that do not affect the integrity of the tissue and that is terminal, recommending gamma irradiation to ensure that they do not transmit an infection to the recipient.


REFERENCES

  1. Shibuya N, Jupiter DC. Bone graft substitute: allograft and xenograft. Clin Podiatr Med Surg. 2015; 32 (1): 21-34.

  2. Shibuya N, Jupiter DC, Clawson LD, La Fontaine. Incorporation of bovine-based structural bone grafts used in reconstructive foot surgery. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2012; 51 (1): 30-33.

  3. Vining NC, Warme WJ, Mosca VS. Comparison of structural bone autografts and allografts in pediatric foot surgery. J Pediatr Orthop. 2012; 32 (7): 719-723.

  4. Bauer TW, Muschler GF. Bone graft materials. An overview of the basic science. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2000; 371: 10-27.

  5. Zhang Y, Qiu L, Li F, Zhang Q, Zhang L, Niu X. Automatic allograft bone selection through band registration and its application to distal femur. Cell Tissue Bank. 2017; 18 (3): 297-305.

  6. Garcia-Coiradas J, Garcia-Maroto R, Cebrian JL, Lopez-Duran L. Structural bone allograft fractures in oncological procedures. Int Orthop. 2015; 39 (11): 2261-2265.

  7. Kawaguchi S, Hart RA. The need for structural allograft biomechanical guidelines. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. 2015; 23 (2): 119-125.

  8. Téllez PA, Tesina: Situación actual de la regulación de bancos de tejidos en México. Máster Alianza Edición, 2016, España, sit.

  9. Standards for Tissue Banking, AATB, 14a. ed, 2018.

  10. William B, Coleman D, Wiebe W. Prokaryotes: the unseen majority. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1998; 95: 6578-6583.

  11. Drasar B., Barrow P. Intestinal microbiology. Am Soc Microbiol. Washington, DC, 1985.

  12. Lin YT, Vaneechoutte M, Huang AH, Teng LJ, Chen HM, Su SL, et al. Identification of clinically important anaerobic bacteria by an oligonucleotide array. J Clin Microbiol. 2010; 48 (4): 1283-1290.

  13. Hauser A, Jain M, Bar-Meir M, McColley S. Clinical significance of microbial infection and adaptation in cystic fibrosis. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2011; 24 (1): 29-70.

  14. Mohr J, Germain M, Winters M, Fraser S, Duong A, Garibaldi A, et al. Disinfection of human musculoskeletal allografts in tissue banking: a systematic review. Cell Tissue Bank. 2016; 17 (4): 573-584.

  15. Ireland L, Spelman D. Bacterial contamination of tissue allografts - experiences of the donor tissue bank of Victoria. Cell Tissue Bank. 2005; 6 (3): 181-189.

  16. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Invasive Streptococcus pyogenes after allograft implantation, Colorado, 2003. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2003; 52: 1173-1176.

  17. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Update: Allograft-associated bacterial infections, United States 2002. Morbid Mortal Wkly Rep. 2002; 51: 207-210.

  18. Cerutti E, Stratta C, Romagnoli R, Serra R, Lepore M, Fop F, et al. Bacterial- and fungal-positive cultures in organ donors: clinical impact in liver transplantation. Liver Transpl. 2006; 12 (8): 1253-1259.

  19. Singh R, Singh D, Singh A. Radiation sterilization of tissue allografts: a review. World J Radiol. 2016; 8 (4): 355-369.

  20. Matus-Jiménez J, Flores-Fletes JR, Carrillo A. Protección de los tejidos cadavéricos expuestos a alta radiación gamma. Acta Ortop Mex. 2013; 27 (3): 182-189.

  21. Costerton JW, Cheng G, Gersey TI, Ladd JG, Nickel M. Bacterial biofilms in nature and disease. Annu Rev Microbiol. 1987; 41: 435-464.

  22. Hamer AJ, Strachan JR, Black MM, Ibbotson CJ, Stockley I, Elson RA. Biomechanical properties of cortical allograft bone using a new method of bone strength measurement. A comparison of fresh, fresh-frozen and irradiated bone. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1996; 78: 363-638.

  23. Sommerville SM, Johnson N, Bryce SL, Journeaux SF, Morgan DA. Contamination of banked femoral head allograft: incidence, bacteriology and donor follow up. Aust N Z J Surg. 2000; 70 (7): 480-484.

  24. Costain DJ, Crawford RW. Fresh-frozen vs. irradiated allograft bone in orthopaedic reconstructive surgery. Injury. 2009; 40 (12): 1260-1264.

  25. NORMA Oficial Mexicana NOM-241-SSA1-2012, Buenas prácticas de fabricación para establecimientos dedicados a la fabricación de dispositivos médicos.

  26. Mankin HJ, Hornicek FJ, Raskin KA. Infection in massive bone allografts. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2005; 432: 210-216.

  27. Schubert T, Bigaré E, Van Isacker T, Gigi J, Delloye C, Cornu O. Analysis of predisposing factors for contamination of bone and tendon allografts. Cell Tissue Bank. 2012; 13 (3): 421-429.

  28. Forbes B, Sahm D, Weissfeld A. Diagnóstico Microbiológico de Bailey & Scott. 12 ed. Editorial Panamericana S.A. Argentina. 2009.

  29. Viñuela-Prieto, JM, Soria-García, AM, González-Romero M, Candel FJ, Bacterial contamination rate and associated factors during bone and tendon allograft procurement from Spanish donors: exploring the contamination patterns. Hosp Infect. 2019; 102 (3): 287-294.

  30. Nguyen H, Morgan DA, Forwood MR. Sterilization of allograft bone: effects of gamma irradiation on allograft biology and biomechanics. Cell Tissue Bank. 2007; 8 (2): 93-105.

  31. Boyce T, Edwards J, Scarborough N. Allograft bone. The influence of processing on safety and performance. Orthop Clin North Am. 1999; 30 (4): 571-581.

  32. Barrios RH, Leyes M, Amillo S, Oteiza C. Bacterial contamination of allografts. Acta Orthop Belg. 1994; 60 (3): 293-295.

  33. Calvo R, Figueroa D, Díaz-Ledezma C, Vaisman A, Figueroa F. Bone allografts and the functions of bone banks. Rev Med Chil. 2011; 139 (5): 660-666.

  34. Grieb TA, Forng RY, Stafford RE, Lin J, Almeida J, Bogdansky S, et al. Effective use of optimized, high dose (50 kGy) gamma irradiation for pathogen inactivation of human bone allografts. Biomaterials. 2005; 26: 2033-2042.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com