2021, Number 1
Prevalence of polypharmacy and medication problems in elderly persons from communities in Cienfuegos province
Language: Spanish
References: 28
Page: 1-24
PDF size: 670.03 Kb.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Polypharmacy is a common problem that accompanies the elderly persons. Analyzing medication is an opportunity to correct errors and outline pharmacotherapeutic strategies.Objective: Determine the prevalence of polypharmacy and medication problems in elderly persons from communities in Cienfuegos province.
Methods: Pharmacoepidemiological, retrospective, indication-prescription study with therapeutic scheme elements. The universe was made up of 1584 elderly people of 65 years and older who consume prescribed drugs. The study covered the period from January 1, 2017 to December 30, 2019. It was held in eight community Family Doctor’s Offices in Cienfuegos province, Cuba. The variables studied were: age, sex, number of comorbidities/medicines, most common disease, polypharmacy, type of prescription, over-medications and omitted medications. The procedures were: review of medical records, STOPP/START criteria, descriptive statistical tests.
Results: The prevalence of polypharmacy was 83.8% and seven times the average drug/day. Inadequate prescription (53%) increased by the elderly people without polypharmacy, but with errors by omission (8.1%). Polymedicated patients were 75 years old on average, 51.2% had high blood pressure. A strong statistical association was noticed between comorbidity [p = 0.013; OR = 6.3], higher polypharmacy [p = 0.000; OR = 5.7], inadequate over-prescription [p = 0.000; OR = 3.1], omissions [p = 0.001; OR = 2.9], women [p = 0.00; OR x 2.5]. There were identified as omitted medications: statins, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, metformin; and as over-medications: loop diuretics, non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs and glibenclamide.
Conclusions: In the studied communities, the prevalence of polypharmacy exceeds national records and increases the risk of inappropriate medication in more than half of the elderly persons. STOPP-START criteria are underutilized to detect and follow up on inadequate prescriptions in the Family Doctor's offices. Its usefulness reduces errors due to bad practices and improves the prescription quality for polymedicated and chronically ill elderly persons.
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