Álvarez HLM, Nieto MCG, Pérez CD, Nieto MGE, Salgado CD, Cruz GO

Language: Spanish
References: 23
Page: 22-37
PDF size: 504.71 Kb.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: postoperative nausea and vomiting rank as the worst patient experience along with pain and intraoperative awakening.
Objective: to determine the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients who receive general anesthesia for elective surgery.
Methods: an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in 2 334 patients belonging to “Arnaldo Milián Castro” Clinical and Surgical University Hospital and “Dr. Celestino Hernández Robau” University Hospital from Santa Clara between January 2013 and December 2018. Gender, age, smoking, history of motion sickness, postoperative nausea and vomiting, anesthetic and halogenated agents used, use of perioperative opioids, type of surgical intervention according to hospital stay and treatment at the surgical site, surgical time and appearance of nausea and vomiting in the first 24 hours after surgery were the variables studied.
Results: the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was 15.9%, with a predominance in female patients under 50 years of age, non-smokers, those with a history of postoperative nausea and vomiting or motion sickness, in which halogenated agents and postoperative opioids were used, in non-ambulatory surgery and conventional approach, and in patients with surgical times equal to or greater than one hour.
Conclusions: the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was low and a probability of postoperative nausea and vomiting was established from no factor to 7 risk factors with percentage values: 5.5%, 6.9%, 13.3%, 29.7%, 40%, 50%, 60% and 71.4%, respectively.

REFERENCES

1. Nazar C, Bastidas J, Coloma R, Zamora M, Fuentes R. Prevención y tratamiento de pacientes con náuseas y vómitos postoperatorios. Rev Chil Cir. 2017;69(5):421-8.

2. Meyer MJ, George EE. La unidad de cuidados postanestésicos. En: Pino RM, editor. Manual de procedimientos de anestesia clínica del Massachusetts General Hospital. 9.a ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer; 2016. p. 594-613.

3. Robles GD, Martínez JS, Torres CG. Prevalencia de náusea y vómito postoperatorio en colecistectomía laparoscópica en un tercer nivel de atención. Rev Mex Anest. 2019;42(1):19-27.

4. Apfel CC. Náuseas y vómitos postoperatorios. En: Miller RD, editor. Miller Anestesia. 8.a ed. Barcelona: Elsevier. 2016. p. 864-914.e5.

5. Smith CA. Postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults: implicatios for critical care. Crit Care Nurse. 2015;31:36-45.

6. Apfel CC, Laara E, Koivuranta M, Greim CA, Roewer N. A simplified risk score for predicting postoperative nausea and vomiting: conclusions from cross-validations between two centers. Anesthesiology. 1999;91:693-700.

7. Koivuranta M, Laara E, Snare L, Alahuhta S. A survey of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Anaesthesia. 1997;52:443-9.

8. Haro-Haro B, Zamora-Aguirre SA, Almonte De León H. Control de náusea y vómito postoperatorio en pacientes con colecistectomía laparoscópica. Anest Méx [internet]. 2016 [citado 6 dic. 2018];28(3):[aprox. 9 p.]. Disponible en: http://www.scielo.org.mx/pdf/am/v28n3/2448-8771-am-28-03-00038.pdf

9. De la O Ríos E. Náuseas y vómitos postoperatorios. Rev Méd Costa Rica Centroam. 2016;LXXIII(620):565-70.

10. Kovac A. Postoperative and postdischarge nausea and vomiting after ambulatory surgery: An update. Curr Anesthesiol Rep. 2014;4(4):316-25.

11. Gan TJ, Diemunsch P, Habib AS, Kovac A, Kranke P, Meyer TA, et al. Consensus Guidelines for the Management of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting. Anesth Analg. 2014;(118):85-113.

12. Pérez Caballero D, Nieto Monteagudo CG. Náuseas y vómitos postoperatorios en anestesia general para intervención quirúrgica electiva. Acta Méd Centro. 2017;11(3):39-48.

13. Song YK, Lee CH. Effects of ramosetron and dexamethasone on postoperative nausea, vomiting, pain and shivering in female patients undergoing thiroid surgery. J Anesth. 2013;27(1):29-34.

14. Moon HY, Baek CW, Choi GJ, Shin HY, Kang H, Jung YH, et al. Palonosetron and aprepitant for the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients indicated for laparoscopic gynaecologic surgery: a double-blind randomised trial. BMC Anesthesiol. 2014;14(1):1-7.

15. Veiga-Gil L, Pueyo J, López Olaondo L. Náuseas y vómitos postoperatorios: fisiopatología, factores de riesgo, profilaxis y tratamiento. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim [internet]. 2017 [citado 6 dic. 2018];64(4):[aprox. 10 p.]. Disponible en: http://adaarc.org.ar/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/NVPO.pdf

16. Ferretiz López G. Actualidades en el tratamiento farmacológico para la profilaxis y tratamiento en paciente oncológico sometido a cirugía. Rev Mex Anest. 2018;41:S144-9.

17. Ramírez Guerrero JA. Náuseas y vómitos postoperatorios en anestesia general. Rev Mex Anest. 2013;36:S340-3.

18. Vuyk J, Sitsen E, Reekers M. Anestesia intravenosa. En: Miller RD, editor. Miller Anestesia. 8.a ed. Barcelona: Elsevier; 2016. p. 821-63.

19. Morino R, Ozaki M, Nagata O, Yokota M. Incidence and risk factors for postoperative nausea and vomiting at a Japanese Cancer Center: first large-scale study in Japan. J Anesth. 2013;27(1):18-24.

20. Fukuda K. Analgésicos opiodes. En: Miller RD, editor. Miller Anestesia 8.a ed. Barcelona: Elsevier; 2016. p. 864-914.e12.

21. Chandrakantan AA, Glass PS. Multimodal therapies for postoperative nausea and vomiting, and pain. Br J Anaesth [internet]. 2011 Dec. 1 [citado 20 nov. 2014];107(Suppl. 1):[aprox. 14 p.]. Disponible en: https://academic.oup.com/bja/article/107/suppl_1/i27/272784

22. Sanchís Martín RM, González López L. Náuseas y vómitos postoperatorios en anestesia pediátrica [internet]. Valencia, España: SARTD-CHGUV; 30 sep. 2014 [citado 20 nov. 2016]. Disponible en: https://docplayer.es/54555413-Nauseas-y-vomitos-postoperatorios-en-anestesia-pediatrica.html

23. Lee J, Faraoni D, Lee S, Brown M, Odegard K, Randolph A, et al. Incidence and risk factors for postoperative vomiting following atrial septal defect repair in children. Pediatr Anesth. 2016;26:644-8.