medigraphic.com
ISSN 0188-9796 (Print)

2001, Number 4

<< Back Next >>

Rev Endocrinol Nutr 2001; 9 (4)

Causes of visual deficiency in diabetics

Lima GV, Mora PE

Language: Spanish
References: 33
Page: 176-180
PDF size: 117.65 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Background: Retinopathy causes visual deficiency in diabetics, but is not the cause in all. Some diseases cause visual deficiency that can be reverted by therapy, but their prevalence in diabetics is unknown; as a result visual deficiency is generally thought to be secondary to retinopathy purpose: to identify the most common causes of visual deficiency in diabetics, and to compare the prevalence of retinopathy as a cause with that of other diseases. Method: Visual function, anterior segment and ocular fundus were evaluated in diabetics. The sample was, evaluated according to four cut-points: visual acuity ‹ 20/40, visual capacity ‹ 20/40, ‹ 20/200 and ‹ 5/200. Patients were assigned to one of two groups: with visual deficiency, if their vision equalled the cut-point and without visual deficiency, if it was better. The cause of visual deficiency was identified in each patient. Visual deficiency was compared in patients with and without diabetic retinopathy. Results: 776 patients were evaluated; 128 (16.4%) had retinopathy. The most common cause of visual deficiency in every cut point was cataract, followed by ammetropia; both diseases were more frequent than retinopathy as a cause of visual deficiency in the cut points of visual acuity ‹ 20/40 and visual capacity ‹ 20/40, but not in the points visual capacity ‹ 20/200 and visual capacity ‹ 5/200. Discussion: The most frequent cause of visual loss in diabetics is not retinopathy. The most common problems cause a reversible visual loss. It is suggested that every patient should be referred for ophthalmic evaluation, whether visual loss is present or not.


REFERENCES

  1. American Academy of Ophthalmology. Basic and Clinical Science Course. Section 12. Retina and vitreous. The Foundation of the American Academy of Ophthalmology 2000; 88-111.

  2. Powers AC. Diabetes mellitus. In: Braunwald E, Fauci A, Kasper D et al. Editors: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine. 15a ed., New York, MacGraw-Hill, 2109-2137.

  3. Lima-Gómez V, Sánchez-Cornejo M, Rojas-Dosal JA. Causas de pérdida visual monocular y ceguera legal. Rev Hosp Jua Mex 2000; 67: 73-76.

  4. Albert DM, Jackobieck FA, Robinson L. Editors: Principles and practice of Ophthalmology. WB Saunders Company. 1994. C.D.

  5. Benson WE. Diabetic retinopathy. In: Tasman & Jaeger’s, Editors: Duane’s Clinical Ophthalmology. Philadelphia, 22a ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 1998; 1-29.

  6. Early treatment diabetic retinopathy research group. Causes of severe visual loss in the treatment diabetic retinopathy study: ETDRS report No. 24. Am J Ophthalmol 1999; 127: 137-41.

  7. Lima-Gómez V, Rojas-Dosal JA. Estrategia de detección de retinopatía diabética. El día “D” en el Hospital Juárez de México. Cirugía y Cirujanos 2000; 68: 63-67.

  8. Lima-Gómez V. Oportunidad de detección temprana de retinopatía diabética mediante campañas de evaluación masiva. Revista del Hospital Juárez de México 2001; 68: 4-7.

  9. Moss SE, Klein R, Klein BE. The 14-year incidence of visual loss in a diabetic population. Ophthalmology 1998; 105: 998-1003.

  10. Sinclair AJ, Bayer AJ, Girling AJ, Woodhouse KW. Older adults, diabetes mellitus and visual acuity: a communitybased case-control study. Age Ageing 2000; 29: 335-339.

  11. Rhatigan MC, Leese GP, Ellis J, Ellingford A, Morris AD, Newton RW, Roxburgh ST. Blindness in patients with diabetes who have been screened for eye disease. Eye 1999; 13:166-169.

  12. Henricsson M, Tyrberg M, Heijl A, Janzon L. Incidence of blindness and visual impairment in diabetic patients participating in an ophthalmological control and screening

  13. programme. Acta Ophthalmol Scand 1996; 74: 533-538.

  14. Secretaría de Prevención y Control de Enfermedades. Coordinación de Vigilancia Epidemiológica. Modificación a la Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-015-SSA2-1994, para la prevención, manejo y control de la diabetes. 2000: 19.

  15. American Diabetes Association. Retinopatía diabética. Diabetes Care 1999; 2(Suppl 1): 70-73.

  16. Sociedad Mexicana de Nutrición y Endocrinología, Asociación de Medicina Interna de México, Sociedad de Nutriología. Consenso para la prevención de las complicaciones crónicas de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Rev Invest Clin 2000; 52: 363.

  17. Gandorfer A, Ulbig M. Diabetic retinopathy-screening is a requirement. Don’t wait until vision becomes impaired. MMW Fortschr Med 2000; 142: 26-9.

  18. American Academy of Ophthalmology. Basic and Clinical Science Course. Section 12. Retina and vitreous. The Foundation of the American Academy of Ophthalmology 2000; 88-111.

  19. Powers AC. Diabetes mellitus. In: Braunwald E, Fauci A, Kasper D et al. Editors: Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine. 15a ed., New York, MacGraw-Hill, 2109-2137.

  20. Lima-Gómez V, Sánchez-Cornejo M, Rojas-Dosal JA. Causas de pérdida visual monocular y ceguera legal. Rev Hosp Jua Mex 2000; 67: 73-76.

  21. Albert DM, Jackobieck FA, Robinson L. Editors: Principles and practice of Ophthalmology. WB Saunders Company. 1994. C.D.

  22. Benson WE. Diabetic retinopathy. In: Tasman & Jaeger’s, Editors: Duane’s Clinical Ophthalmology. Philadelphia, 22a ed., Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 1998; 1-29.

  23. Early treatment diabetic retinopathy research group. Causes of severe visual loss in the treatment diabetic retinopathy study: ETDRS report No. 24. Am J Ophthalmol 1999; 127: 137-41.

  24. Lima-Gómez V, Rojas-Dosal JA. Estrategia de detección de retinopatía diabética. El día “D” en el Hospital Juárez de México. Cirugía y Cirujanos 2000; 68: 63-67.

  25. Lima-Gómez V. Oportunidad de detección temprana de retinopatía diabética mediante campañas de evaluación masiva. Revista del Hospital Juárez de México 2001; 68: 4-7.

  26. Moss SE, Klein R, Klein BE. The 14-year incidence of visual loss in a diabetic population. Ophthalmology 1998; 105: 998-1003.

  27. Sinclair AJ, Bayer AJ, Girling AJ, Woodhouse KW. Older adults, diabetes mellitus and visual acuity: a communitybased case-control study. Age Ageing 2000; 29: 335-339.

  28. Rhatigan MC, Leese GP, Ellis J, Ellingford A, Morris AD, Newton RW, Roxburgh ST. Blindness in patients with diabetes who have been screened for eye disease. Eye 1999; 13:166-169.

  29. Henricsson M, Tyrberg M, Heijl A, Janzon L. Incidence of blindness and visual impairment in diabetic patients participating in an ophthalmological control and screening programme. Acta Ophthalmol Scand 1996; 74: 533-538.

  30. Secretaría de Prevención y Control de Enfermedades. Coordinación de Vigilancia Epidemiológica. Modificación a la Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM-015-SSA2-1994, para la prevención, manejo y control de la diabetes. 2000: 19.

  31. American Diabetes Association. Retinopatía diabética. Diabetes Care 1999; 2(Suppl 1): 70-73.

  32. Sociedad Mexicana de Nutrición y Endocrinología, Asociación de Medicina Interna de México, Sociedad de Nutriología. Consenso para la prevención de las complicaciones crónicas de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Rev Invest Clin 2000; 52: 363.

  33. Gandorfer A, Ulbig M. Diabetic retinopathy-screening is a requirement. Don’t wait until vision becomes impaired. MMW Fortschr Med 2000; 142: 26-9.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com