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2020, Number 3

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Rev Cubana Cardiol Cir Cardiovasc 2020; 26 (3)

Enalapril plus Carvedilol in the prevention of anthracycline and / or trastuzumab cardiotoxicity.

Luperon LD, Prohias MJA, Matos GS, Gutiérrez LA, Rodríguez BS, Claro VR

Language: Spanish
References: 31
Page: 1-7
PDF size: 232.47 Kb.


ABSTRACT

Introduction: Chemotherapy cardiotoxicity affects quality of life and survival in cancer patients. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of enalapril plus carvedilol in the prevention of cardiotoxicity in patients with cancer treated with anthracyclines and/or trastuzumab. Method: A descriptive, longitudinal prospective study was carried out in 66 cancer patients who received treatment with anthracyclines and/or trastuzumab at the Hermanos Ameijeiras Hospital between June and October 2017, which were divided into two groups according to enalapril preventive use plus carvedilol (n = 31) or placebo (n = 35). Results: The frequency of cardiotoxicity was higher in patients who received anthracyclines plus trastuzumab compared to those who received only anthracyclines (27.8% versus 12.5%, p = 0.1538, respectively). The percentage of patients with anthracycline doses greater than 400 mg/m2 (72.7% vs. 20.0%, p = 0.0008) and mediastinal radiotherapy (36.3% vs. 8.1%, p = 0 , 0407) were higher in those who developed cardiotoxicity. The involvement of diastolic function (p = 0.0113) and the decrease in ejection fraction (p = 0.0375) were lower in patients who received preventive treatment with enalapril plus carvedilol. Conclusions: Cardiotoxicity is more likely to appear if trastuzumab and mediastinal radiotherapy are added to oncospecific treatment. Preventive treatment with enalapril plus carvedilol in breast cancer patients receiving anthracyclines and/or trastuzumab decreases the probability of cardiotoxicity.


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