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TIP Revista Especializada en Ciencias Químico-Biológicas

2020, Número 1

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TIP Rev Esp Cienc Quim Biol 2020; 23 (1)


Determinación de la capacidad antioxidante total de alimentos y plasma humano por fotoquimioluminiscencia: Correlación con ensayos fluorométricos (ORAC) y espectrofotométricos (FRAP)

Benítez-Estrada A, Villanueva-Sánchez J, González-Rosendo G, Alcántar-Rodríguez VE, Puga-Díaz R, Quintero-Gutiérrez AG

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 47
Paginas: 1-9
Archivo PDF: 495.86 Kb.


RESUMEN

La determinación de la capacidad antioxidante es útil para valorar la calidad de un alimento, la cantidad de antioxidantes presentes en un sistema, o la biodisponibilidad de compuestos antioxidantes en el cuerpo humano. Los métodos disponibles realizan la determinación del efecto potencial de las sustancias antioxidantes, presentes en los alimentos y en el organismo humano, contra las reacciones de oxidación. El objetivo fue comparar los resultados de la detección de la capacidad antioxidante total (CAT) en muestras de alimentos y plasma humano, mediante la quimioluminiscencia por fotosensibilización (PCL), en contraste con métodos que cuantifican la capacidad de absorbancia del radical de oxígeno (ORAC) y el poder antioxidante reductor del hierro (FRAP). Se obtuvieron extractos hidrosolubles y liposolubles de salvado de arroz estabilizado (SAE) y de harina de Ulva clathrata (HUC). El plasma se obtuvo de muestras de sangre humana (PHU). Se procesaron tres muestras en cada caso. Los resultados se analizaron mediante análisis de varianza de una vía y correlación de Pearson, p ‹ 0.05. La CAT determinada mediante PCL fue: SAE 246.37 ± 5.37, HUC 21.05 ± 0.41 y PHU 90.59 ± 1.17 equivalentes Trolox (ET) µmol /100 g ó 100 mL, p ‹ 0.05; ORAC: SAE 5015.62 ± 12.83, HUC 852.37 ± 3.45 y PHU 2563.31 ± 39.47 ET µmol /100 g ó 100 mL, p ‹ 0.05. FRAP: SAE 519.37 ± 0.04, HUC 52.78 ± 0.01 y PHU 90.26 ± 0.01 equivalentes Fe2+ (EFe2+) µmol /100 g ó 100 mL. Se observaron correlaciones entre PCL y ORAC, r = 0.99; y la PCL y FRAP, r = 0.94, ambas estadísticamente significativas (p ‹ 0.05). La PCL mostró ser un método confiable y alternativo para cuantificar la CAT, que se puede aplicar en estudios de alimentos y de intervenciones en salud.


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