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2019, Número 4

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Rev Cubana Estomatol 2019; 56 (4)


Efecto antibacteriano de una pasta dental con xilitol sobre Streptococcus mutans en saliva de gestantes

Escalante-Medina RP, Asmat-Abanto AS, Ruiz-Barrueto MA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 36
Paginas: 1-12
Archivo PDF: 294.96 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción: Durante la gestación, algunos cambios fisiológicos en la mujer propician un incremento de la placa dental y de la microbiota cariogénica. Esta condición unida a una modificación de la dieta y a una inadecuada higiene bucal condicionarían desfavorablemente la salud oral tanto de la madre como del bebé.
Objetivo: Determinar el efecto antibacteriano de una pasta dental con xilitol sobre el recuento de Streptococcus mutans en saliva de gestantes.
Métodos: Ensayo clínico, a doble ciego, que se realizó en el Centro de Salud “José Olaya” (Chiclayo Perú), en enero de 2017. Se trabajó con una población muestral de 50 gestantes en el segundo trimestre que cumplieron con los criterios establecidos. Se crearon dos grupos: 25 gestantes usaron dentífrico con 10 % de xilitol y 25 gestantes usaron dentífrico sin xilitol. Se les tomó y proceso microbiológicamente una muestra de saliva antes del inicio del estudio y 14 días después del uso de las respectivas pastas. Se realizó el recuento de unidades formadoras de colonias de Streptococcus mutans en saliva con una confiabilidad altamente significativa mediante el coeficiente de correlación intraclase, calibración intra e interexaminador (1,000 y 0,999, respectivamente). El análisis de los datos se realizó mediante la prueba U de Mann-Whitney, considerando un nivel de significancia del 5 %.
Resultados: No se encontró diferencia significativa entre las gestantes que emplearon pasta dental con xilitol en comparación con las que utilizaron pasta dental sin xilitol (p= 0,062).
Conclusiones: El efecto antibacteriano de la pasta dental comercial con xilitol es similar a una pasta dental sin xilitol sobre el recuento de Streptococcus mutans en saliva de gestantes.


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