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2020, Número 1

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Revista Cubana de Cirugía 2020; 59 (1)


Evolución de las recomendaciones para la prevención de la infección quirúrgica en cirugía de colon

Pascual FCE, Díaz PB, Pisonero SJJ, Guanche GH

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 30
Paginas: 1-11
Archivo PDF: 306.73 Kb.


RESUMEN

Las infecciones del sitio quirúrgico constituyen un problema de calidad de los cuidados a la salud, las cuales son potencialmente prevenibles mediante la aplicación de guías de prevención basadas en evidencias. Se pretendedescribir la evolución histórica de las prácticas de uso profiláctico de antibióticos en cirugía de colon desde el siglo pasado. Se analizó literatura publicada en las últimas cinco décadas en MEDLINE, Infomed y otras fuentes secundarias. Se destaca la evolución del uso combinado de antimicrobianos (aminoglucósidos, penicilina, cefalosporinas y nitroimidazoles) asociados a la preparación enérgica del colon en la década de los 70 del pasado siglo. Numerosos antimicrobianos y prácticas han sido ensayados para demostrar que el uso de antibióticos para el control de las bacterias aerobias y anaerobias, administrados por vía oral e intravenosa, logra la prevención de hasta el 75 % de las infecciones del sitio quirúrgico en cirugía de colon. Las evidencias científicas orientan hacia la necesidad del uso de profilaxis antibióticos orales más intravenosos asociados a la preparación mecánica del colon.


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