medigraphic.com
ISSN 2500-7106 (Digital)
ISSN 0123-2576 (Impreso)
Medicina & Laboratorio

2014, Número 11-12

<< Anterior Siguiente >>

Medicina & Laboratorio 2014; 20 (11-12)


Efectividad de la mamografía como prueba de tamizaje para reducir la mortalidad por cáncer de mama: revisión sistemática

Bonilla-Sepúlveda ÓA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 63
Paginas: 555-574
Archivo PDF: 339.30 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción: La mamografía es un examen diagnóstico ampliamente utilizado para la detección precoz del cáncer de mama en su estadio subclínico, seguro y aceptado por la mayoría de las pacientes, que permite la instauración oportuna del tratamiento médico o quirúrgico. Diferentes estudios han confirmado la efectividad para prevenir la muerte por cáncer de mama; sin embargo, la magnitud actual es menor a la previamente registrada. Objetivo: Describir la principal información disponible sobre la reducción de la mortalidad por cáncer de mama debida al uso de la mamografía como prueba de tamizaje. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática de publicaciones en inglés en las bases de datos Medline-PubMed, Cochrane y SciELO, utilizando los términos: “breast cancer screening”, “mammographic screening”, “assessing the impact of screening mammography”, “assessment of the effectiveness of mammography screening”, “effect of screening mammography on breast-cancer”, “breast cancer screening update“, entre otros. Se seleccionaron los artículos originales, ensayos clínicos, revisiones, revisiones sistemáticas y metanálisis escritos en inglés, publicados entre 1986 y 2014, que aplicaron la mamografía como método de tamizaje. Resultados: Se seleccionaron para la redacción de este artículo 63 publicaciones que fueron transcendentes para determinar la efectividad de la mamografía de tamizaje. Conclusiones: La mamografía continúa siendo el pilar del tamizaje del cáncer mamario, a pesar de la amplia variación entre los estudios respecto a la reducción del riesgo de mortalidad, que va desde inexistente hasta estadísticamente significativa, y que los resultados falsos positivos y el sobrediagnóstico han limitado establecer su beneficio neto.


REFERENCIAS (EN ESTE ARTÍCULO)

  1. Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Ervik M, Dikshit R, Eser S, Mathers C, et al. Globocan 2012: Estimated Cancer Incidence, Mortality and Prevalence Worldwide in 2012. Organización Mundial de la Salud, International Agency for Research on Cancer. 2012. Disponible: http://globocan.iarc.fr/Default.aspx. Consultado: septiembre 2014.

  2. Humphrey LL, Helfand M, Chan BK, Woolf SH. Breast cancer screening: a summary of the evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med 2002; 137: 347-360.

  3. Organización Mundial de la Salud, International Agency for Research on Cancer. IARC Handbook of Cancer Prevention: Breast Cancer Screening. Vol. 7. Lyon, Francia: IARC Press; 2002.

  4. Glasziou PP. Meta-analysis adjusting for compliance: the example of screening for breast cancer. J Clin Epidemiol 1992; 45: 1251-1256.

  5. Nyström L, Andersson I, Bjurstam N, Frisell J, Nordenskjold B, Rutqvist LE. Long-term effects of mammography screening: updated overview of the Swedish randomised trials. Lancet 2002; 359: 909-919.

  6. Olsen O, Gøtzsche PC. Cochrane review on screening for breast cancer with mammography. Lancet 2001; 358: 1340-1342.

  7. Gøtzsche PC, Olsen O. Is screening for breast cancer with mammography justifiable? Lancet 2000; 355: 129-134.

  8. Demissie K, Mills OF, Rhoads GG. Empirical comparison of the results of randomized controlled trials and case-control studies in evaluating the effectiveness of screening mammography. J Clin Epidemiol 1998; 51: 81-91.

  9. Kerlikowske K, Grady D, Rubin SM, Sandrock C, Ernster VL. Efficacy of screening mammography. A meta-analysis. JAMA 1995; 273: 149-154.

  10. Nyström L, Rutqvist LE, Wall S, Lindgren A, Lindqvist M, Ryden S, et al. Breast cancer screening with mammography: overview of Swedish randomised trials. Lancet 1993; 341: 973-978.

  11. Olsen O, Gøtzsche PC. Screening for breast cancer with mammography. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2001: CD001877.

  12. Gøtzsche PC, Jorgensen KJ. Screening for breast cancer with mammography. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013; 6: CD001877.

  13. Early Breast Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group. Effects of adjuvant tamoxifen and of cytotoxic therapy on mortality in early breast cancer. An overview of 61 randomized trials among 28,896 women. Early Breast Cancer Trialists’ Collaborative Group. N Engl J Med 1988; 319: 1681-1692.

  14. Olsen AH, Lynge E, Njor SH, Kumle M, Waaseth M, Braaten T, et al. Breast cancer mortality in Norway after the introduction of mammography screening. Int J Cancer 2013; 132: 208-214.

  15. Welch HG. Screening mammography--a long run for a short slide? N Engl J Med 2010; 363: 1276-1278.

  16. Kalager M, Zelen M, Langmark F, Adami HO. Effect of screening mammography on breast-cancer mortality in Norway. N Engl J Med 2010; 363: 1203-1210.

  17. Jorgensen KJ, Zahl PH, Gøtzsche PC. Breast cancer mortality in organised mammography screening in Denmark: comparative study. BMJ 2010; 340: c1241.

  18. Gøtzsche PC, Nielsen M. Screening for breast cancer with mammography. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2011: CD001877.

  19. Gøtzsche PC, Nielsen M. Screening for breast cancer with mammography. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009: CD001877.

  20. Weedon-Fekjaer H, Romundstad PR, Vatten LJ. Modern mammography screening and breast cancer mortality: population study. BMJ 2014; 348: g3701.

  21. Coldman A, Phillips N, Wilson C, Decker K, Chiarelli AM, Brisson J, et al. Pan-Canadian study of mammography screening and mortality from breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2014; 106.

  22. Miller AB, To T, Baines CJ, Wall C. The Canadian National Breast Screening Study-1: breast cancer mortality after 11 to 16 years of follow-up. A randomized screening trial of mammography in women age 40 to 49 years. Ann Intern Med 2002; 137: 305-312.

  23. Miller AB, To T, Baines CJ, Wall C. Canadian National Breast Screening Study-2: 13-year results of a randomized trial in women aged 50-59 years. J Natl Cancer Inst 2000; 92: 1490-1499.

  24. Miller AB, To T, Baines CJ, Wall C. The Canadian National Breast Screening Study: update on breast cancer mortality. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 1997: 37-41.

  25. Miller AB, Baines CJ, To T, Wall C. Canadian National Breast Screening Study: 2. Breast cancer detection and death rates among women aged 50 to 59 years. CMAJ 1992; 147: 1477-1488.

  26. Miller AB, Baines CJ, To T, Wall C. Canadian National Breast Screening Study: 1. Breast cancer detection and death rates among women aged 40 to 49 years. CMAJ 1992; 147: 1459-1476.

  27. Warwick J, Tabar L, Vitak B, Duffy SW. Time-dependent effects on survival in breast carcinoma: results of 20 years of follow-up from the Swedish Two- County Study. Cancer 2004; 100: 1331-1336.

  28. Tabár L, Vitak B, Chen TH, Yen AM, Cohen A, Tot T, et al. Swedish two-county trial: impact of mammographic screening on breast cancer mortality during 3 decades. Radiology 2011; 260: 658-663.

  29. Tabár L, Vitak B, Yen MF, Chen HH, Smith RA, Duffy SW. Number needed to screen: lives saved over 20 years of follow-up in mammographic screening. J Med Screen 2004; 11: 126-129.

  30. Tabár L, Vitak B, Chen HH, Duffy SW, Yen MF, Chiang CF, et al. The Swedish Two-County Trial twenty years later. Updated mortality results and new insights from long-term follow-up. Radiol Clin North Am 2000; 38: 625-651.

  31. Tabár L, Chen HH, Fagerberg G, Duffy SW, Smith TC. Recent results from the Swedish Two-County Trial: the effects of age, histologic type, and mode of detection on the efficacy of breast cancer screening. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 1997: 43-47.

  32. Tabár L, Fagerberg G, Chen HH, Duffy SW, Smart CR, Gad A, et al. Efficacy of breast cancer screening by age. New results from the Swedish Two-County Trial. Cancer 1995; 75: 2507-2517.

  33. Tabár L, Fagerberg G, Duffy SW, Day NE, Gad A, Grontoft O. Update of the Swedish two-county program of mammographic screening for breast cancer. Radiol Clin North Am 1992; 30: 187-210.

  34. Bjurstam N, Bjorneld L, Warwick J, Sala E, Duffy SW, Nystrom L, et al. The Gothenburg Breast Screening Trial. Cancer 2003; 97: 2387-2396.

  35. Bjurstam N, Bjorneld L, Duffy SW, Smith TC, Cahlin E, Erikson O, et al. The Gothenburg Breast Cancer Screening Trial: preliminary results on breast cancer mortality for women aged 39-49. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 1997: 53-55.

  36. Bjurstam N, Bjorneld L, Duffy SW, Smith TC, Cahlin E, Eriksson O, et al. The Gothenburg breast screening trial: first results on mortality, incidence, and mode of detection for women ages 39-49 years at randomization. Cancer 1997; 80: 2091-2099.

  37. Andersson I, Janzon L. Reduced breast cancer mortality in women under age 50: updated results from the Malmo Mammographic Screening Program. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 1997: 63-67.

  38. Garne JP, Aspegren K, Balldin G, Ranstam J. Increasing incidence of and declining mortality from breast carcinoma. Trends in Malmo, Sweden, 1961- 1992. Cancer 1997; 79: 69-74.

  39. Andersson I, Aspegren K, Janzon L, Landberg T, Lindholm K, Linell F, et al. Mammographic screening and mortality from breast cancer: the Malmo mammographic screening trial. BMJ 1988; 297: 943-948.

  40. Frisell J, Lidbrink E. The Stockholm Mammographic Screening Trial: Risks and benefits in age group 40-49 years. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 1997: 49-51.

  41. Frisell J, Lidbrink E, Hellstrom L, Rutqvist LE. Followup after 11 years--update of mortality results in the Stockholm mammographic screening trial. Breast Cancer Res Treat 1997; 45: 263-270.

  42. Moss SM, Cuckle H, Evans A, Johns L, Waller M, Bobrow L. Effect of mammographic screening from age 40 years on breast cancer mortality at 10 years’ follow-up: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2006; 368: 2053-2060.

  43. Alexander FE, Anderson TJ, Brown HK, Forrest AP, Hepburn W, Kirkpatrick AE, et al. 14 years of follow-up from the Edinburgh randomised trial of breast-cancer screening. Lancet 1999; 353: 1903-1908.

  44. Alexander FE. The Edinburgh Randomized Trial of Breast Cancer Screening. J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr 1997: 31-35.

  45. Alexander FE, Anderson TJ, Brown HK, Forrest AP, Hepburn W, Kirkpatrick AE, et al. The Edinburgh randomised trial of breast cancer screening: results after 10 years of follow-up. Br J Cancer 1994; 70: 542-548.

  46. Roberts MM, Alexander FE, Anderson TJ, Chetty U, Donnan PT, Forrest P, et al. Edinburgh trial of screening for breast cancer: mortality at seven years. Lancet 1990; 335: 241-246.

  47. Nelson HD, Tyne K, Naik A, Bougatsos C, Chan BK, Humphrey L. Screening for Breast Cancer: An Update for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Annals of Internal Medicine 2009; 151: 727-737.

  48. Keen JD, Keen JE. What is the point: will screening mammography save my life? BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2009; 9: 18.

  49. Berry DA, Cronin KA, Plevritis SK, Fryback DG, Clarke L, Zelen M, et al. Effect of screening and adjuvant therapy on mortality from breast cancer. N Engl J Med 2005; 353: 1784-1792.

  50. Humphrey L, Chan BKS, Detlefsen S, Helfand M. Screening for Breast Cancer. Systematic Evidence Reviews, No. 15. In: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, ed. US Preventive Services Task Force Evidence Syntheses, formerly Systematic Evidence Reviews. Maryland, Estados Unidos: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US); 2002.

  51. Shapiro S, Venet W, Strax P, L. V. Periodic screening for breast cancer: the Health Insurance Plan Project and its sequelae, 1963-1986. Maryland, Estados Unidos: Johns Hopkins University Press; 1988.

  52. Chu KC, Smart CR, Tarone RE. Analysis of breast cancer mortality and stage distribution by age for the Health Insurance Plan clinical trial. J Natl Cancer Inst 1988; 80: 1125-1132.

  53. Habbema JD, van Oortmarssen GJ, van Putten DJ, Lubbe JT, van der Maas PJ. Age-specific reduction in breast cancer mortality by screening: an analysis of the results of the Health Insurance Plan of Greater New York study. J Natl Cancer Inst 1986; 77: 317-320.

  54. Paesmans M, Ameye L, Moreau M, Rozenberg S. Breast cancer screening in the older woman: an effective way to reduce mortality? Maturitas 2010; 66: 263-267.

  55. Marubini E, Valsecchi MG. Analysing Survival Data from Clinical Trials and Observational Studies. Chichester, Inglaterra: Wiley-Interscience; 1995.

  56. Institutos Nacionales de la Salud de los Estados Unidos, Instituto Nacional del Cáncer, Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results Program (SEER). SEER Stat Fact Sheets: Breast Cancer. Bethesda, Estados Unidos. 2014. Disponible: http://seer.cancer. gov/statfacts/html/breast.html. Consultado: septiembre 2014.

  57. Smith RA, Saslow D, Sawyer KA, Burke W, Costanza ME, Evans WP, 3rd, et al. American Cancer Society guidelines for breast cancer screening: update 2003. CA Cancer J Clin 2003; 53: 141-169.

  58. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Screening for breast cancer: recommendations and rationale. Ann Intern Med 2002; 137: 344-346.

  59. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Screening for breast cancer: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. Ann Intern Med 2009; 151: 716-726, W-236.

  60. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology, NCCN Guidelines for detection, prevention, & risk reduction: Breast Cancer Screening and Diagnosis. 2014. Disponible: http://www.nccn.org/professionals/ physician_gls/pdf/breast-screening.pdf [registration required] Consultado: septiembre 2014.

  61. American College of Radiology. ACR Practice Parameter for the Performance of Screening and Diagnostic Mammography (Resolution 39). 2014. Disponible: http://www.acr.org/~/media/ACR/ Documents/PGTS/guidelines/Screening_Mammography. pdf. Consultado: septiembre 2014.

  62. American College of Obstetricians-Gynecologists. Practice bulletin no. 122: Breast cancer screening. Obstet Gynecol 2011; 118: 372-382.

  63. Smith RA, Cokkinides V, Brawley OW. Cancer screening in the United States, 2009: a review of current American Cancer Society guidelines and issues in cancer screening. CA Cancer J Clin 2009; 59: 27-41.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com