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2019, Número 4

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Ortho-tips 2019; 15 (4)


Manejo de los defectos acetabulares en la artroplastia total de cadera de revisión

Garín ZDE, Oseguera OA, Acosta EO

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 27
Paginas: 198-205
Archivo PDF: 174.24 Kb.


RESUMEN

El manejo de los defectos acetabulares es un procedimiento complejo que se realiza en la artroplastia total de cadera de revisión. Estos defectos principalmente son ocasionados por osteólisis, resorción ósea y iatrogénicos. Los estudios radiográficos convencionales nos brindan información valiosa para comprender este tipo de defectos. Sin embargo, en ocasiones, es necesario complementar con estudios más específicos, como la tomografía axial computarizada. Así, al obtener un adecuado diagnóstico por imagen, nos permite clasificar el tipo de defecto y realizar una planificación preoperatoria y un tratamiento adecuado. Por ello, es de gran importancia conocer las opciones terapéuticas disponibles. Actualmente, contamos con diversos tipos de injerto e implantes para los defectos óseos acetabulares, los cuales van desde el injerto óseo por impactación, los injertos estructurales que básicamente sustituyen hueso por hueso, así como las megacopas y copas oblongas, los anillos de reforzamiento y reconstrucción y, hasta más recientemente, los aumentos metálicos. Todos estos injertos han probado su eficacia, siempre y cuando sean utilizados correctamente.


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