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2020, Número 2

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Acta Med 2020; 18 (2)


El uso de sulfato de magnesio como adyuvante en el bloqueo regional neuroaxial. Metaanálisis

Rusz ACI, Hernández HFJ, Torres GCA, García MMA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 70
Paginas: 156-171
Archivo PDF: 379.54 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción: La anestesia regional neuroaxial es una de las técnicas más usadas por los anestesiólogos por su seguridad y eficacia, se utilizan coadyuvantes para mejorar sus características. Recientemente, el sulfato de magnesio (MgSO4) ha ganado popularidad como adyuvante en las técnicas neuroaxiales por seguridad y efectividad para mejorar la calidad anestésica. Material y métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda sistematizada de estudios de investigación ensayo clínico controlado utilizando motores de búsqueda con palabras clave/términos MeSH. Se compararon los resultados obtenidos mediante desviación estándar. Resultados: Se demostró mayor duración del bloqueo neuroaxial sensitivo en el grupo sulfato de magnesio (MgSO4). El efecto fue mayor en la duración del bloqueo sensitivo neuroaxial en el grupo Isobárica. La duración del bloqueo neuroaxial con los adyuvantes sulfato de magnesio (MgSO4) vs. fentanilo no mostró ninguna diferencia. Observamos mayor duración del bloqueo motor en el grupo sulfato de magnesio (MgSO4) en el espacio peridural. En relación al inicio del bloqueo sensitivo en el grupo subaracnoideo presentó un retraso en la instalación del bloqueo que se aceleró con la administración en el peridural. Conclusiones: El sulfato de magnesio (MgSO4) prolonga la duración del bloqueo motor y bloqueo sensitivo, aumenta el intervalo de inicio del bloqueo sensitivo y bloqueo motor vía subaracnoideo acortándolo vía peridural, tiene mayor efecto cuando se administra Anestésico local Isobárica y es equivalente al fentanilo con mejor perfil costo/beneficio.


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