2018, Número 3
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Investigación en Discapacidad 2018; 7 (3)
Resultados funcionales tras liberación endoscópica del Túnel del Carpo, en una campaña quirúrgica de salud pública
Farías-Cisneros E, Valencia-Rodríguez DF, León-Hernández SR, Avilés-Heredia LA, Espinosa-Gutiérrez A
Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 47
Paginas: 73-90
Archivo PDF: 951.20 Kb.
RESUMEN
Objetivo. El síndrome de túnel del carpo (STC) es la neuropatía por compresión más frecuente, cuyos principales síntomas son parestesias y disestesias sobre el territorio inervado por el nervio mediano en la mano. El STC es un problema ubicuo de salud pública que con frecuencia causa discapacidad. La liberación endoscópica del túnel carpiano es una buena alternativa de tratamiento. Los objetivos del estudio fueron evaluar tanto los beneficios del diagnóstico desde el primer nivel de atención, así como el uso de cirugías extramuros para el tratamiento del STC. Un objetivo adicional fue generar estadísticas nacionales actuales acerca del diagnóstico temprano, resultado funcional y pronóstico en compresiones del nervio mediano tratadas con liberación endoscópica del túnel del carpo (LETC).
Métodos. En una colaboración interinstitucional del sistema de salud mexicano, se diseñó un estudio autocontrolado, prospectivo y longitudinal centrado en la detección temprana y tratamiento quirúrgico del STC. Se realizó una evaluación preoperatoria en 56 pacientes basados en antecedentes, exploración física, dinamometría y escalas funcionales que incluyeron DASH, Mayo, Michigan y la escala visual análoga de dolor. Treinta y seis pacientes adultos fueron tratados quirúrgicamente con LETC, con seguimiento hasta de 16 meses.
Resultados. Veintitrés pacientes concluyeron todas las etapas de estudio. Este estudio autocontrolado mostró mejorías estadísticas en dolor (92.4%,
p 0.0001), fuerza muscular en la extremidad afectada cuestionarios funcionales DASH (66.1%,
p 0.0001), Mayo (48.2%,
p 0.001) y Michigan (91.3%,
p 0.0001) en pacientes tratados con LETC al ser comparados con las mediciones basales del paciente antes de la intervención quirúrgica. En la segunda visita postoperatoria, únicamente se reportó una complicación en 36 pacientes con seguimiento (2.8%).
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