Sosa GI, Ávila CJA, González MR, Fernández MH, Conesa PR

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 55
Paginas: 407-416
Archivo PDF: 141.97 Kb.

RESUMEN

El tabaco es una de las drogas legales más consumida en el mundo, y es el cigarro la forma más común de consumo. Cuba tiene las cifras más altas respecto al resto de los países del Caribe, por lo que el tabaquismo constituye un importante problema de salud. Debido a esto y a los nuevos descubrimientos relacionados con este campo, se realizó una revisión bibliográfica para exponer los hallazgos más actuales acerca del trastorno por consumo de tabaco, o tabaquismo. Todo ello se soportó sobre la consulta de más de 60 fuentes documentales, de las cuales se tomaron 55 como referencia bibliográfica. Los mecanismos neurofisiopatológicos que intervienen son la activación de los RnAc α4β2, y en menor medida, los α6β2. El diagnóstico se realiza mediante las pautas establecidas por la Sociedad Americana de Psiquiatría. Los efectos de la nicotina sobre el organismo incluyen daños al sistema cardiovascular, respiratorio, hematológico, endocrino y nervioso. Los avances logrados en el tratamiento, tanto desde el punto vista psicosocial, como farmacológico, han logrado buenos resultados, aunque todavía existen aristas inexploradas.

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