Martínez HL, López EC

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 44
Paginas: 134-139
Archivo PDF: 244.46 Kb.

RESUMEN

La cirugía de aumento mamario o mamoplastia es la cirugía cosmética más comúnmente realizada. La infección de sitio quirúrgico (isq) representa la principal complicación asociada, con una incidencia de 1.1 a 2.5%, en procedimientos de cirugía cosmética, y hasta de 35% en cirugías de reconstrucción mamaria. En cuanto a las infecciones tempranas, son causadas con mayor frecuencia por bacterias gram positivas, como estafilococos coagulasa negativos, Staphylococcus aureus y especies de Estreptococo. Las infecciones tardías se presentan como resultado de una bacteriemia secundaria o de un procedimiento invasivo, y pueden ser causadas tanto por bacterias gram positivas como negativas, en raras ocasiones son consecuencia de agentes infecciosos como micobacterias y hongos. Los factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de ISQ son la técnica quirúrgica y la condición subyacente del paciente. Las fuentes potenciales de infección incluyen la piel, los conductos mamarios, el medio ambiente quirúrgico y los implantes mamarios contaminados. Un régimen antibiótico empírico debe incluir cobertura para Staphylococcus aureus y estafilococos coagulasa negativos, así como bacterias gram negativas. Con frecuencia la extracción del implante es necesaria, pero en situaciones específicas se puede intentar retener el implante.

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