Rodríguez-Guiza MA, Martínez-Campos C

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 25
Paginas: 218-223
Archivo PDF: 254.83 Kb.

RESUMEN

Introducción: Los programas de ejercicio en las fuerzas armadas constituyen un tema fundamental de la capacitación militar. Sin embargo, los métodos para evaluar el efecto de una intervención de ejercicio en la morfología del cuerpo son heterogéneos, con validaciones irregulares. En este estudio, consideramos al somatotipo para evaluar los efectos del entrenamiento militar básico sobre la composición corporal en cadetes mexicanos. Material y métodos: Se midió el somatotipo de todos los cadetes (n = 70) de ingreso a la Escuela Militar de Medicina de México en 2008 (hombres n = 31, mujeres n = 39), antes y después del entrenamiento militar básico, con dos meses en longitud. Resultados: Se encontró que en la intervención de entrenamiento en hombres, hubo aumento de la mesomorfia (p ‹ 0.005) y la disminución de la endomorfia (p ‹ 0.05), sin un cambio estadísticamente significativo en la ectomorfia. El entrenamiento no produjo ningún cambio estadísticamente significativo en el somatotipo de las mujeres. Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados sugieren que el uso del somatotipo para evaluar los cambios en la composición corporal relacionadas al entrenamiento es un método confiable. Discutimos la manera en que el entrenamiento físico militar afecta a los cadetes mexicanos de una manera dependiente del sexo.

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