2019, Número 5
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salud publica mex 2019; 61 (5)
ENARM: comparación del desempeño de escuelas de medicina públicas y privadas, regiones geográficas y socioeconómicas
Hernández-Gálvez DC, Roldán-Valadez E
Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 30
Paginas: 637-647
Archivo PDF: 1093.96 Kb.
RESUMEN
Objetivo. Comparar el desempeño en el Examen Nacional
de Aspirantes a Residencias Médicas (ENARM) de escuelas
de medicina privadas y públicas, regiones geográficas y niveles
socioeconómicos mediante el uso de tres métodos estadísticos
diferentes (medidas de resumen, tasa de cambio y el área
bajo las características del operador receptor [AUROC en
inglés]). Estos métodos no han sido utilizados previamente
para el ENARM; sin embargo, se han informado algunas variaciones
de las mediciones de resumen en algunas evaluaciones
de graduados de medicina de Estados Unidos.
Material y
métodos. Estudio transversal basado en datos históricos
(2001-2017). Se usaron medidas de resumen y un mapa
lleno de color. El análisis estadístico incluyó Mann Whitney
U, Kruskal-Wallis y coeficiente de correlación de Spearman
(Rs).
Resultados. Se incluyeron 113 escuelas de medicina
en el análisis; 60 eran públicas y 53 privadas. Se encontraron
diferencias en la mediana de las puntuaciones totales para
el tipo de escuelas, MD= 54.07 vs. MD= 57.36,
p= 0.011.
También hubo diferencias significativas entre las regiones
geográficas y socioeconómicas (
p‹0.05).
Conclusiones.
Existen diferencias en los puntajes totales y el porcentaje de
examinados seleccionados entre el tipo de escuelas, regiones
geográficas y socioeconómicas. Las puntuaciones más altas
prevalecen en las regiones noreste y noroeste. Se requieren
investigaciones adicionales para identificar los factores que
contribuyen a estas diferencias. Las diferencias insospechadas
en los puntajes de los exámenes se pueden revelar usando
medidas de resumen.
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