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Academia Mexicana de Neurología, A.C.

2019, Número 4

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Rev Mex Neuroci 2019; 20 (4)


Farmacogenética de las reacciones cutáneas adversas a la lamotrigina

Peña-Balderas AM, López-Revilla R

Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 26
Paginas: 200-206
Archivo PDF: 285.17 Kb.


RESUMEN

Las reacciones cutáneas adversas a medicamentos incluyen el exantema maculopapular, el síndrome de Stevens-Johnson y la necrólisis epidérmica tóxica y son un problema de salud pública global asociado al uso de fármacos antiepilépticos. La lamotrigina destaca entre los fármacos antiepilépticos porque no causa sedación ni afecta la cognición. Las reacciones cutáneas adversas a lamotrigina ocurren en pacientes que portan ciertas variantes alélicas del sistema HLA; aunque infrecuentes, son alarmantes porque ponen en riesgo la vida y obligan a abandonar el tratamiento. El temor de los neurólogos a las reacciones cutáneas adversas a lamotrigina limita la prescripción del medicamento a pesar de sus ventajas terapéuticas. Aquí revisamos las variantes alélicas del sistema HLA que han sido asociadas a las reacciones cutáneas adversas a lamotrigina en mestizos mexicanos y otros grupos étnicos; la identificación de estas variantes permitiría seleccionar a los pacientes que podrían ser tratados con lamotrigina.


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