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Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía

2019, Número 1

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Arch Neurocien 2019; 24 (1)


Neurobiología del control motor en Insectos

Fernández-Villalobos G

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 50
Paginas: 17-27
Archivo PDF: 1258.39 Kb.


RESUMEN

¿Cuáles son los procesos neurales que regulan la marcha?, ¿Cómo influyen la fisiología y arquitectura del sistema nervioso de un organismo al momento de navegar por el mundo?. Para los seres vivos, todo parte con un primer paso, en este pequeño proceso los organismos rompen la inercia, una de las principales fuerzas que los amarran a la tierra. Este primer paso da origen a una danza, compuesta por serie de eventos finamente orquestados y coordinados en los que el animal es capaz de integrar elementos externos e internos con el fin de desplazarse de forma estable. La marcha de los seres vivos refleja una larga historia evolutiva que lleva a la construcción y adaptación de una serie de estructuras. Esta revisión, pretende introducir a algunos de los elementos neuronales fundamentales para comprender el proceso de marcha utilizando a los insectos como modelos. Estos comparten mecanismos neurales de control motor con una gran cantidad de organismos, incluidos los mamíferos. Revisaremos aquellos elementos que le permiten a los insectos coordinar sus pasos por una serie de superficies y a distintas velocidades sin tropezar, intentando explicar aquellos procesos que han llevado a una serie de científicos a seguir sus pasos.


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