2006, Número 4
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Acta Ortop Mex 2006; 20 (4)
Eficacia comparativa en el tratamiento quirúrgico de pacientes con el síndrome del túnel del carpo
Espinosa GA, Renán LS, Iriarte VLA
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 33
Paginas: 156-163
Archivo PDF: 148.57 Kb.
RESUMEN
Introducción: El síndrome del túnel del carpo es la neuropatía periférica de atrapamiento nervioso más frecuente, causada por la compresión del nervio mediano en la muñeca. El tratamiento conservador tiene 75% de éxito. Existen tres tipos de procedimientos quirúrgicos: abierto, endoscópico y mínimamente invasivo. Todos son altamente efectivos. Existe gran controversia para establecer el
método más beneficioso.
Objetivo: Determinar las ventajas, desventajas, complicaciones de los procedimientos quirúrgicos, utilizando escalas validadas.
Resultados: 48 pacientes con síndrome del túnel del carpo confirmado por electromiografía tratados quirúrgicamente: a) Liberación abierta, b) Liberación endoscópica (técnica de Agee). Durante el transoperatorio por el método endoscópico se halló disminución del espacio carpal y presencia de abundante tejido fibroadiposo. Se dio seguimiento, se evaluaron los resultados teniendo en cuenta: CSTC, DASH, dolor, signo de Phalen, sensibilidad, fuerza muscular, movilidad de la muñeca.
Conclusiones: Ambos procedimientos son seguros, ninguna complicación. Los pacientes tratados por liberación endoscópica, evolucionaron significativamente mejor durante el postoperatorio inmediato p = 0.001 hasta los 3 meses p = 0.0001, siguieron siendo mejores hasta los 6 meses, pero las diferencias ya no fueron significativas. Al año de evolución los resultados no presentaron ninguna diferencia significativa entre los pacientes tratados por ambos grupos. En las escalas de CSTC no hubo diferencia. En el DASH la diferencia fue muy significativa con una p = 0.004 a favor de la liberación endoscópica.
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