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2018, Número 1

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Residente 2018; 13 (1)


Sarcopenia en artritis reumatoide

Ramírez-Villafaña M, Aceves-Aceves JA, Delgado-Nuño JE, Vizcaíno-CortésZG, Gómez-Ramírez EE, Castro-Jiménez A, Enríquez-Luna A, Gámez-Nava JI, González-López L

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 55
Paginas: 31-40
Archivo PDF: 258.63 Kb.


RESUMEN

La artritis reumatoide (AR) es una enfermedad autoinmune, sistémica, de etiología desconocida que se caracteriza clínicamente por un estado de inflamación crónica de las articulaciones sinoviales, dolor, anquilosis y deformaciones que ocasiona diferentes grados de discapacidad física. El proceso inflamatorio presente en AR conlleva a un estado catabólico con consumo de nutrientes que modifica el balance, sobre todo de tejido muscular. Este catabolismo del metabolismo energético desencadena un incremento de alteraciones metabólicas y de composición corporal. Alrededor de 50% de pacientes con AR pueden mostrar un estado de caquexia reumatoide, caracterizado principalmente por pérdida de masa muscular esquelética, de fuerza y de rendimiento físico. Cuando se reúnen estas tres condiciones se considera que el paciente padece sarcopenia. La presencia de sarcopenia no es privativa de la AR y puede aparecer también en múltiples enfermedades crónicas o puede ser una entidad frecuente en personas ancianas, esta sarcopenia se asocia a discapacidad física, así como a calidad de vida deficiente y mayor riesgo de mortalidad. Esta revisión identifica la frecuencia, los principales mecanismos de producción y las características de la sarcopenia en AR así como su tratamiento actual en estos pacientes.


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