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Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía

2017, Número 2

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Arch Neurocien 2017; 22 (2)


Investigación y terapias en la enfermedad de Alzheimer basadas en beta amiloide y tau

López-Camacho PY, Guzmán-Hernández RNicté-Ha, Hernández GVH, Díaz MJE, García-Sierra F, Basurto-Islas G

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 76
Paginas: 72-88
Archivo PDF: 462.97 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción: la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) es un proceso crónico neurodegenerativo que causa demencia y deterioro de las funciones cognitivas. Entre los estudios dirigidos al desarrollo de posibles terapias, las investigaciones sobre la inhibición de la agregación del péptido β amiloide (PβA) y la proteína tau presentan potenciales efectos terapéuticos.
Objetivo: realizar una actualización descriptiva de las principales investigaciones de estrategias terapéuticas para la EA basados en el estudio del PβA y tau.
Método: se empleó la base de datos Pubmed para la búsqueda bibliográfica, utilizando palabras clave relacionadas con el tema de estudio. Se realizaron inmunohistoquímicas en tejido cerebral de pacientes con EA.
Resultados: por su relevancia patológica las principales investigaciones dirigidas al desarrollo de estrategias terapéuticas se basan en el estudio del PβA y tau, tales como: inhibición de la producción del PβA, terapias degradadoras del PβA, inmunoterapias anti-βA y anti-tau, compuestos inhibidores y disociadores de agregados del PβA y tau, inhibición de cinasas, activación de fosfatasas y estabilización de microtúbulos.
Discusión y conclusión: la formación y agregación del PβA y las modificaciones postraduccionales de tau que inducen su agregación han demostrado ser clave para el establecimiento de la EA, por lo que es necesario inhibir su formación en etapas tempranas y así evitar la evolución de la enfermedad. Sin embargo; estos mecanismos han causado efectos colaterales al bloquear procesos fisiológicos importantes. Es por ello que la inhibición de agregados del PβA y tau de manera conjunta parece ser la estrategia terapéutica más viable contra la EA. Research and therapeutics in Alzheimer’s disease based on amyloid beta and tau


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