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2017, Número 1

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Rev Cubana Neurol Neurocir 2017; 7 (1)


Microdescompresión vascular en la neuralgia esencial del trigémino

Cruz HTM, López PO, Pérez RC, Domínguez JP, Selva IJC

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 56
Paginas: 43-49
Archivo PDF: 423.14 Kb.


RESUMEN

Objetivo: Determinar los resultados de la microdescompresión vascular (MDV) en los pacientes con diagnóstico de neuralgia esencial del trigémino no controlados con el tratamiento médico.
Métodos: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de una serie con neuralgia esencial del trigémino operados por MDV en los Hospitales Clínico Quirúrgicos “Lucía Iñiguez Landín” y “Hermanos Ameijeiras” en el período comprendido de enero del 2001 a marzo del 2016. Se analizaron las variables edad, sexo, ramas neurales afectadas, tipo de compresión vascular más frecuentemente encontrada, complicaciones y recidivas.
Resultados: La muestra quedó conformada por 61 pacientes. El sexo femenino fue el más afectado. Mayormente los casos tenían entre 50 y 60 años de edad. Las ramas más afectadas fueron la tercera y la asociación de la segunda y tercera rama para un 43,1 % (22) y 21,5 % (11) respectivamente. La sepsis de la herida y la fístula de LCR fueron las principales complicaciones con 13,7 % (7) y 9,8 % (5). En el transoperatorio se encontró la compresión vascular en el 60,3 % (31), siempre relacionado con arteria cerebelosa superior. El 88 % (45) de los pacientes operados no presentaron recidiva.
Conclusiones: La MDV es efectiva, tanto, para aliviar el dolor, como para preservar las estructuras y funciones neurales, con una mínima aparición de recidivas.


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