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2017, Número 5

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Gac Med Mex 2017; 153 (5)


Cáncer del tracto digestivo: asociación entre el estado nutricional y la capacidad funcional

Pérez-Cruz E, Camacho-Limas CP

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 34
Paginas: 575-580
Archivo PDF: 196.08 Kb.


RESUMEN

Objetivo: Determinar el estado nutricional y su asociación con la capacidad funcional en pacientes con cáncer del tracto digestivo. Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo observacional y analítico, realizado en pacientes adultos hospitalizados con diagnóstico inicial de cáncer del tracto digestivo. Las variables estudiadas fueron el estado nutricional y la capacidad funcional. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva y asociación con razón de momios (odds ratio [OR]) en paquete estadístico SPSS 14.0. Resultados: Se incluyeron 57 pacientes, de los cuales el 96% presentaron pérdida de peso. Usando la evaluación global subjetiva (EGS) como método de tamizaje se determinó que el 82.5% de la población estaba desnutrida, y mediante pruebas bioquímicas e inmunológicas lo estaban el 82% y el 65%, respectivamente. La capacidad funcional se evaluó mediante el índice de Karnofsky, encontrando que el 75.5% de la población tiene alguna limitación en la actividad. Los resultados muestran una asociación entre desnutrición por EGS y limitación en la capacidad funcional (χ2 = 1.56; p = 0.212; OR: 2.46; intervalo de confianza del 95% [IC 95%]: 0.581-10.465). Además, se observó una asociación entre el recuento total de linfocitos y la capacidad funcional (χ2 = 6.94; p = 0.008; OR: 5.23; IC 95%: 1.441-19.025). Conclusiones: La desnutrición en pacientes con cáncer de tracto digestivo se asocia con limitación en la capacidad funcional.


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