medigraphic.com
Órgano Oficial del Instituto Nacional de Pediatría

2017, Número 1

<< Anterior Siguiente >>

Acta Pediatr Mex 2017; 38 (1)


Importancia de la microbiota gastrointestinal en pediatría

Zamudio-Vázquez VP, Ramírez-Mayans JA, Toro-Monjaraz EM, Cervantes- Bustamante R, Zárate-Mondragón F, Montijo-Barrios E, Cadena-León JF, Cázares-Méndez JM

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 67
Paginas: 49-62
Archivo PDF: 1229.70 Kb.


RESUMEN

Las enfermedades del tubo gastrointestinal forman parte importante de la morbilidad y de la mortalidad mundiales; incluyen desde las enfermedades infecciosas, alérgicas, inflamatorias crónicas (como la enfermedad de Crohn y la colitis ulcerativa) hasta padecimientos considerados como funcionales, como el síndrome de intestino irritable. En algunas de ellas el tratamiento puede ser difícil, ya que en ocasiones pueden existir diferentes teorías en relación a las mismas y en las que se han encontrado múltiples factores tanto psicosociales como genéticos. En los últimos años ha cobrado gran importancia el papel que desempeña la microbiota intestinal en la génesis de algunas de ellas.
Desde el siglo XV se describió la presencia de microorganismos en el tubo gastrointestinal, pero fue hasta que se originó la biología molecular cuando se logró un mejor conocimiento de la función y la composición del ecosistema gastrointestinal, el cual contribuye de manera importante para los procesos de digestión y absorción de sustratos de la dieta, así como para las funciones inmunológicas y protectoras de la microbiota gastrointestinal en cada organismo, lo que resulta esencial para comprender su participación en el tratamiento y en la prevención de múltiples enfermedades.


REFERENCIAS (EN ESTE ARTÍCULO)

  1. O.Hara AM, Shanahan F. The gut flora as a forgotten organ; EMBO Rep. 2006;7(7):688-93.

  2. Xu J, Mahowald MA, Ley RE, Lozupone CA. Evolution of symbiotic bacteria in the distal human intestine. PLoS Biol. 2007;5(7):e156.

  3. Ogra P, Welliver R. Effects of early environment on mucosal immunologic homeostasis, subsequent immune responses and disease outcome. En Barrer D, Bergmann R y Ogra P(eds): The window of opportunity: pre-pregnancy to 24 months of age. Basilea; Karger. NestléNutrition Workshop. 2008;60:145-82.

  4. Penders J, Thijs C, et al. Factors influencing the composition of the intestinal microbiota inearly infancy. Pediatrics. 2006;118:511-521.

  5. Renz-Polster H, David M, et al. Caesarean section delivery and the risk of allergicdisorders in childhood. Clin Exp Allergy. 2005;35:1466-72.

  6. Gómez M, Acero F. Composición y funciones de la flora bacteriana intestinal. Repert.med.cir. 2011;20(2):74-82.

  7. Schiffrin EJ, Blum S. Interactions between the microbiota and the intestinal mucosa. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2002;56Suppl 3:S60-4.

  8. Hattori M, Taylor TD. The human intestinal microbiome: a new frontier of human biology. DNA Res. 2009;16(1):1-12.

  9. Ouwehand AC, Vaughan EE, editors. Gastrointestinal microbiology. New York : Informa Healthcare; 2006.

  10. Kim E. Barrett. Gastrointestinal Physiology. 2006;6:113-117.

  11. Neish AS. The gut microbiota and intestinal epithelial cells: a continuing dialogue. Microbes Infect. 2002;4(3):309-17.

  12. Gómez Duque M. Composición y funciones de la flora bacteriana intestinal Repertorio de Medicina y Cirugía. 2011;20(2):74-82.

  13. Marko K. El papel de la microbiota en la alergia. Ann Nestlé. 2009;67:19-26.

  14. Lavender T, Hofmeyr GJ, Neilson JP, Kingdon C, Gyte GML: Caesarean section for non-medical reasons at term. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2006;3. Art. No.: CD004660. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD004660.pub2.

  15. Biasucci G, Benenati B, Morelli L, Bessi E, Boehm G. Cesarean delivery may affect theearly biodiversity of intestinal bacteria. J Nutr. 2008;138:1796S–800S.

  16. Bjorksten B, Sepp E, Julge K, Voor T, Mikelsaar M. Allergy development and the intestinal flora during the first year of life. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001;108:516–20.

  17. Negele K, Heinrich J, Borte M, von Berg A, et al. LISA Study Group.Mode of delivery and development of atopic diseases during the first 2 years of life. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2004;15:48–54.

  18. Hällström M, Eerola E, Vuento R, Janas M, Tammela O. Effects of mode of delivery and necrotising enterocolitis on the intestinal microbiota in preterm infants. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2004;23:463-70.

  19. Adlerberth I. Factors influencing the establishment of the intestinal microbiota in infancy. En Bier D, German J, Lönnerdal B (eds): Personalized Nutrition for the Diverse Needs of Infants and Children. Nestec Ltd., Vevey/S; Karger. Nestlé Nutr Workshop 2008;62:13-33.

  20. Szajewska H. Cesarean section delivery and gut microbiota: early colonization patterns and later outcomes. The Nest. 2009;26:2-3.

  21. Grönland MM, Lehtonen OP, Eerola E, Kero P: Fecal microbiota in healthy infants born by different methods of delivery: permanent changes in intestinal flora after cesarean delivery. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1999;28:19-25.

  22. Saavedra J. Probióticos, inmunidad y salud en pediatría. Gaceta Médica de México. 2001;147(S1):9-21.

  23. Weng M, Walker W. Bacterial colonization, probiotics, and clinical disease. J Pediatr. 2006;149(5): S107-S114.

  24. O.Toole PW, Claesson MJ. Gut microbiota : changes throughout the lifespanfrom infancy to elderly. Int Dairy J. 2010; 20(4): 281-91.

  25. Tiihonen K, Ouwehand AC, Rautonen N. Human intestinal microbiota andhealthy ageing. Ageing Res Rev. 2010;9(2):107-16.

  26. Firth M. "Trastornos de Motilidad Gastrointestinal en el Paciente Anciano." Gastrointestinal Motility Problems in the Elderly Patient. Gastroenterology. 2002;122:1688-1700.

  27. Bengmark S. Bioecologic control of the gastrointestinal tract: the role of flora and supplemented probiotics and synbiotics. Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2005;34(3):413- 36.

  28. Caraborri M, Scirocco A. The gut-brain axis: Interactions between enteric microbiota, central and enteric nervous systems. Anals of Gastroenterology. 2015;28:1-7.

  29. Bäckhed F, Ley RE, Sonnenburg JL, Peterson DA, Gordon JI Host-bacterial mutualism in the human intestine. Science. 2005;307:1915–20.

  30. Cordain L, et al. Origins and evolution of the Western diet: Health implications for the 21st century. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005;81:341–354.

  31. De Filippo Ci, Cavalieri D, Di Paola M., et al. Impact of diet in shaping gut microbiota revealed by a comparative study in children from Europe and rural Africa. PNAS. 2010;107(33):14691–6.

  32. Guidelines for the evaluation of probiotics in food. .Joint FAO/WHO Working group report on drafting guidelines for the evaluation of probiotic in food. London, Ontario, Canada. 2002;1:5-7.

  33. Kligler B. Probiotics in Children. Pediatric Clinics of North America. 2007;54(6): 949-67.

  34. Ojetti V, Gigante G, et al. Microbiota imbalance and gastrointestinal diseases. Dig Liver Dis suppl. 2009;3(2): 35-9.

  35. Montalto M, D.Onofrio F, et al. Intestinal microbiota and its functions. Dig Liver Dis suppl. 2009;3(2):30-4.

  36. Guarner F, Malagelada JR. Gut flora in health and disease. Lancet. 2003;361(9356):512-9.

  37. Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2012. Resultados nacionales. Pág. 106

  38. Hill JO. Understanding and addressing the epidemic of obesity: an energy balance per spective. Endocr Rev. 2006;27:750-76.

  39. Reinhardt C, Reigstad CS, Bäckhed F.Intestinal microbiota during infancy and its implications for obesity. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2009;48:249-256.

  40. Marchesi J, Shanahan F. The normal intestinal microbiota. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2007;20(5):508-13

  41. Cani PD, Delzenne NM. The role of the gut microbiota in energy metabolism and metabolic disease. Curr Pharm Des. 2009;15(13):1546-58.

  42. Lucassen PL, Assendelft WJ, van Eijk JT, Gubbels JW, Douwes AC, van Geldrop WJ. Systematic review of the occurrence of infantile colic in the community. Arch Dis Child. 2001;84 (5):398’403.

  43. Barr RG, Trent RB, Cross J. Age-related incidence curve of hospitalized shaken baby syndrome cases: convergent evidence for crying as a trigger to shaking. Child Abuse Negl. 2006;30(1):7-16.

  44. Thompson-Chagoyan OC Fallani M, Maldonado J, et al. Faecal microbiota and short-chain fatty acidlevels in faeces from infant with cow´s milk protein allergy. Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2001;156(3): 325-332.

  45. Lehtonen L, Korvenranta H, Eerola E. Intestinal microflora in colicky an noncoliky infants: bacterial cultures and gas-liquid chromatography. J Pediatr Gastronterol Nutr. 1994;19(3):310-314.

  46. Savino F, Cresi F, Pautasso S, et al. Intestinal microflora in brestfed colicky and non-colicky infants. Acta Paediatr. 2004;93(6):825-829.

  47. Pärtty AK, Kalliomäki M, Endo A. Salminen S, Isalauri E. Compositional development of Bifidobacterium an Lactobacillus microbiota is linked with crying and fussing in early infancy. PLoS One. 2012;7(3):e32495.

  48. Cohen-Silver J, Ratnapalan S. Management of Infantile colic: a review. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2009;48(1):14-17.

  49. Sung V, Collett S. Probiotics to Prevent or Treat Excessive Infant Crying Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Pediatrics. doi:10.1001 2013;E1-E8.

  50. Van Niel CW et al. Lactobacillus Therapy for Acute Infectious Diarrhea in Children : A Meta-analysis. Pediatrics. 2002;109:678–84.

  51. Bradley CJ, et al. Probiotics for pediatric antibiotic-associated diarrhea : a meta-analysis of randomized placebo controlled trials. CMAJ. 2006;175:377-83.

  52. Bixquert Jiménez M. Treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with probiotics. An etiopathogenic approach at last? Rev Esp Enferm Dig. 2009;101:553-564.

  53. Kruis W, Fric P, Pokrotnieks J, et al. Maintaining remission of ulcerative colitis with the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 is as efectiva as with stardard mesalazine. Gut [Clinicial Trial Multicenter Study Randomized Contrrolled Trial] 2004;53:1617-23.

  54. Miele E, Pascarella F, Giannetti E, et al. Effect of a probiotic preparation (VSL#3) on induction and maintenance of remission in children with ulcerative colitis. Am J Gastroenterol [Randomized Controlled Trial]. 2009;104:437-43.

  55. Sood A, Midha V, Makharia GK, et al. The probiotic preparation, VSL #3 induces remission in patients with mild-to-moderately active ulcerative colitis. Clin Gastrenterol Hepatol [Multicenter Study Randomized Controlled Trial Reserch Support, Non-U.S. Gov´t] 2009;7:1202-9, 9 e 1.

  56. Sanders ME, Guarner F, et al. An update on the use and investigation of probiotics in heath and disease. Gut 2013;62:787-796.

  57. Bjorksten B, Sepp E, Julge K, et al. Allergy development and the intestinal microflora during the first year of life. J Allergy Clin Immunol [Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov’t] 2001;108:516–20.

  58. Folster-Holst R. Probiotics in the treatment and prevention of atopic dermatitis. Ann Nutr Metab 2010;57:16-19.

  59. Neu J, Walker WA. Necrotizing enterocolitis. N Engl J Med 2011;364:255-64.

  60. Wang Y, Hoening JD, Malin KJ, et al. 16S rRNA gene-based analysis of fecal microbiota from preterm infants with and without necrotizing enterocolitis. ISME J 2009;3:944-54.

  61. Deshpande G, Rao S, Patole S, et al. Update meta-analysis of probiotics for preventing necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm neonates. Pediatrics 20100;125:921-30.

  62. Awad H, Mokhtar H, Imam SS, et al. Comparison between killed and living probiotic usage versus placebo for de prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis and sepsis in neonates. Pak J Biol Sci. 2010;13:253-62.

  63. Thomas DW, Greer FR. Probiotics and prebiotics in pediatrics. Pediatrics 2010;126:1217-31.

  64. Anabrees J, Bassler D, et al. Probiotics for prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants. Cochrane Database Sist Rev 2011(3):CD005496.

  65. Goldenberg JZ, Ma SSY, Saxton JD, Martzen MR, Vandvik PO, Thorlund K, Guyatt GH, Johnston BC. Probiotics for the prevention of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea in adults and children. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2013, Issue 5. Art. No.: CD006095. DOI: 10.1002/14651858. CD006095.pub3.

  66. Na X, Kelly C. Probiotics in clostridium difficile infection. JClin Gastroenterol. 2011 Nov;45 suppl:S1 54-8.

  67. Aroniadis OC, Brandt LJ. Fecal microbiota transplantation: past, present and future. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2013;29:79-84.




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com