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ISSN 1561-302X (Impreso)

2016, Número 3

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Rev cubana med 2016; 55 (3)


Pronóstico vital y secuelas neurológicas en los pacientes con accidente cerebrovascular del Hospital Nacional, Paraguay

Real DRE, Jara CGF

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 33
Paginas: 181-189
Archivo PDF: 114.60 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción: los accidentes cerebrovasculares (ACV), isquémico y hemorrágico, tienen diferente evolución hospitalaria y secuelas funcionales.
Objetivo: determinar la estancia hospitalaria, estado al alta y secuelas funcionales en el ACV isquémico y el hemorrágico.
Métodos: estudio de cohortes prospectivas, que incluyó hombres y mujeres mayores de 18 años con diagnóstico de ACV isquémico (cohorte 1) y hemorrágico (cohorte 2), internados en el Servicio de Clínica Médica del Hospital Nacional (Itauguá, Paraguay). Las secuelas funcionales se evaluaron con el Índice de Barthel aplicado al alta.
Resultados: la edad media de los pacientes con ACV fue 60 ± 15 años, con leve predominio del sexo masculino (65 %). Los factores de riesgo de mayor prevalencia asociados al ACV fueron la hipertensión arterial y la diabetes mellitus. La mortalidad fue mayor en el ACV hemorrágico que en el isquémico (24,5 % vs. 14,6 %). La media de tiempo de internación fue 21 días para el ACV isquémico y 27 días en el ACV hemorrágico. Se aplicó el índice de Barthel a los sujetos dados de alta vivos y se detectó predominio de independencia funcional en el ACV hemorrágico: 67 % vs. 54 %.
Conclusión: el ACV hemorrágico se caracterizó por mayor mortalidad y mayor estancia hospitalaria. Con el índice de Barthel se halló mayor independencia funcional en el ACV hemorrágico.


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