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Colegio de Medicina Interna de México.

2005, Número 6

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Med Int Mex 2005; 21 (6)


Síndrome de Guillain-Barré. Acercamiento diagnóstico terapéutico

Duarte MJ, Díaz MS, Rubio GJ, Vargas GRB, Lee Eng CVE, Fernández PLY

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 100
Paginas: 440-452
Archivo PDF: 102.57 Kb.


RESUMEN

El síndrome de Guillain-Barré es una serie heterogénea de neuropatías periféricas mediadas inmunológicamente. El hallazgo común en todas las variantes es la polirradiculopatía de evolución rápida, que se manifiesta posteriormente a un suceso disparador, que con frecuencia es un proceso infeccioso. El síndrome de Guillain-Barré se manifiesta generalmente con parálisis motora simétrica con o sin afectación sensorial y autonómica. Su diagnóstico se basa en hallazgos típicos en el examen electrodiagnóstico; el hallazgo de líquido cefalorraquídeo puede ayudar también a determinarlo. El tratamiento del síndrome de Guillain-Barré consta del tratamiento de soporte y la terapia específica. El primero es la piedra angular del manejo. Si los pacientes superan la fase aguda de la enfermedad, la mayoría recuperará la función. La neuropatía puede avanzar tan rápido que serán necesarias la intubación endotraqueal y la ventilación mecánica en las 24 horas posteriores al inicio del proceso. El tratamiento específico se basa en la plasmaféresis e inmunoglobulina endovenosa.


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