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TIP Revista Especializada en Ciencias Químico-Biológicas

2017, Número 1

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TIP Rev Esp Cienc Quim Biol 2017; 20 (1)


Consideraciones generales en el establecimiento del sexo en mamíferos

Díaz-Hernández V, Merchant-Larios H

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 58
Paginas: 27-39
Archivo PDF: 442.10 Kb.


RESUMEN

El establecimiento del sexo en mamíferos ocurre al momento de la fertilización, sin embargo, se requiere de la determinación y diferenciación sexual de la gónada para que se establezca el fenotipo sexual del individuo. A partir del descubrimiento del gen Sry como el factor determinante del testículo se ha avanzado en conocer los mecanismos que conducen al desarrollo testicular y al establecimiento del fenotipo masculino. Y aunque el fenotipo femenino se adquiere aun en ausencia de la gónada, se requiere de la diferenciación y maduración ovárica para la adquisición de los caracteres sexuales secundarios. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo describir los mecanismos involucrados en la determinación sexual de la gónada e integrarlos con los aspectos histológicos que contribuyen con la diferenciación sexual gonadal. Una vez establecido el sexo gonadal se abordan aspectos moleculares involucrados en la masculinización del individuo. Finalmente se hace una breve revisión sobre los procesos patológicos resultantes de la alteración del establecimiento del sexo en humanos.


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