2015, Número 3
<< Anterior Siguiente >>
Arch Neurocien 2015; 20 (3)
Diagnóstico de vasoespasmo secundario a hemorragia subaracnoidea aneurismática con dos métodos de neuroimagen en pacientes adultos críticamente enfermos en la terapia intensiva del Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía
Cruz-Pérez J, Porcayo LS, Rivera DE
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 62
Paginas: 201-212
Archivo PDF: 413.81 Kb.
RESUMEN
La hemorragia subaracnoidea secundaria a aneurisma intracraneal es una patología con alta morbimortalidad. El
50% de los sobrevivientes desarrollan disfunciones cognitivas a largo plazo y nunca volverán a su estado anterior,
pese a los avances en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la homorragia subaracnoidea (HSA), la terapéutica e
intervenciones son todavía limitados y los resultados clínicos permanecen decepcionantes. El diagnóstico de la
HSA; se realiza con tomografía y la localización del aneurisma con angiografía cerebral. El vasoespasmo y el resangrado
son las principales complicaciones. La angiografía cerebral es el estándar de oro para el diagnóstico de vasoespasmo.
El vasoespasmo angiográfico identificado en cerca del 60% de los pacientes es causa de déficit neurológico. El
Doppler transcraneal ha sido utilizado con éxito variable como un método no invasivo seguro y repetitivo para
identificar y cuantificar el vasoespasmo. Las medidas seriadas son más útiles para predecir el desarrollo de espasmo
en tanto que medidas aisladas suelen tener pobre correlación clínica o angiográfica. Por medio de este estudio se
revisaran los métodos de diagnóstico: angiografía y Doppler transcraneal por medio de resultdos que se tomarán de
los expedientes clínicos de pacientes críticamente enfermos, a fin de diagnosticar el vasoespasmo cerebral.
REFERENCIAS (EN ESTE ARTÍCULO)
Suarez JI, Tarr RW, Selman WR. Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. N Engl J Med 2006;354: 387-96.
Kassell NF, Sasaki T, Colohan AR, et al. Cerebral vasospasm following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke 1985;16:562-72.
Lanzino G, Kassell NF. Double-blind, randomized, vehiclecontrolled study of high-dose tirilazad mesylate in women with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Part II. A cooperative study in North America. J Neurosurg 1999;90:1018-24.
Song MK, Kim MK, Kim TS, et al. Endothelial nitric oxide gene T-786C polymorphism and subarachnoid hemorrhage in Korean population. J Korean Med Sci 2006;21:922-6.
Vajkoczy P, Meyer B, Weidauer S, et al. Clazosentan (AXV- 034343), a selective endothelin a receptor antagonist, in the prevention of cerebral vasospasm following severe aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter phase IIa study. J Neurosurg 2005;103:9-17.
Wurm G, Tomancok B, Nussbaumer K, et al. Reduction of ischemic sequelae following spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage: a double-blind, randomized comparison of enoxaparin versus placebo. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2004;106:97-103.
Ropper AH, Zervas NT. Outcome 1 year after SAH from cerebral aneurysm. Management morbidity,mortality, and functional status in 112 consecutive good-risk patients. J Neurosurg 1984;60:909-15.
Solenski NJ, Haley EC Jr, Kassell NF, et al. Medical complications of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a report of the multicenter, cooperative aneurysm study. Participants of the multicenter cooperative aneurysm study. Crit Care Med 1995;23:1007-17.
Connolly ES Jr, Rabinstein AA, Carhuapoma JR, et al. Guidelines for the management of aneurismal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke 2012;43:1711–37.
Gull SW. Cases of aneurism of the cerebral vessels. Guys Hospital Reports 1859;5:281–304.
Echlin F. Vasospasm and focal cerebral ischemia: an experimental study. Arch Neurol Psychiatry 1942;47(1):77–96.
Zucker MD. A study of the substances in blood serum and platelets which stimulate smooth muscle. Am J Physiol 1944;142:12-26.
Robertson EG. Cerebral lesions due to intracranial aneurysms. Brain 1949;72:150-85.
Ecker A, Riemenschneider PA. Arteriographic demonstration of spasm of the intracranial arteries, with special reference to saccular arterial aneurysms. J Neurosurg 1951;8:660-7.
Fletcher TM, Taveras JM, Pool JL. Cerebral vasospasm in angiography for intracranial aneurysms.Incidence and significance in one hundred consecutive angiograms. Arch Neurol 1959;1:38-47.
Pool JL, Ransohoff J, Yahr MD, et al. Early surgical treatment of aneurysms of the circle of Willis. Neurol 1959;9:478-86.
Stornelli SA, French JD. Subarachnoid hemorrhage-factors in prognosis and management. J Neurosurg 1964;21:769-80.
Fisher CM, Kistler JP, Davis JM. Relation of cerebral vasospasm to subarachnoid hemorrhage visualized by computerized tomographic scanning. Neurosurgery 1980;6:1-9.
Kosnik EJ, Hunt WE. Postoperative hypertension in the management of patients with intracranial arterial aneurysms. J Neurosurg 1976;45:148-54.
Zervas NT, Candia M, Candia G, et al. Reduced incidence of cerebral ischemia following rupture of intracranial aneurysms. Surg Neurol 1979;11:339-44.
Kassell NF, Peerless SJ, Durward QJ, et al. Treatment of ischemic deficits from vasospasm with intravascular volume expansion and induced arterial hypertension. Neurosurg 1982;11:337-43.
Zubkov YN, Nikiforov BM, Shustin VA. Balloon catheter technique for dilatation of constricted cerebral arteries after aneurysmal SAH. Acta Neurochir (Wien) 1984;70:65-79.
Pickard JD, Murray GD, Illingworth R, et al. Effect of oral nimodipine on cerebral infarction and outcome after subarachnoid haemorrhage: British aneurysm nimodipine trial. BMJ 1989;298:636-42.
Bederson JB, Connolly ES Jr, Batjer HH, et al. Guidelines for the management of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a statement for healthcare professionals from a special writing group of the Stroke Council. Ame Heart Association. Stroke 2009;40:994-1025
Christopher D. Baggott, Beverley Aagaard-Kienitz. Cerebral Vasospasm. Neurosurg Clin N Am 2014; (25):497-528.
Alwan A. Global status report on noncommunicable diseases 2010. Geneva. World Health Organization 2011.
Lopez A, Mathers C, Ezzati M, et al. Global and regional burden of disease and risk factors, 2001: systematic analysis of population health data. Lancet 2006;367:1747-57.
Kolominsky-Rabas P, Weber M, Gefeller, et al. Epidemiology of ischemic stroke subtypes according to TOAST criteria: incidence, recurrence, and long-term survival in ischemic stroke subtypes: a population-based study. Stroke 2001;32:2735-40.
Strong K, Mathers C, Bonita R. Preventing stroke: saving lives around the world. Lancet Neurol 2007;6:182-87.
Chiquete E, Ruíz J, Murillo B, et al. Mortalidad por enfermedad vascular cerebral en México, 2000-2008: Una exhortación a la acción. Rev Mex Neuroci 2011;12:235-41.
Easton J, Saber J, Albers G, et al. Definition and evaluation of transient ischemic attack: a scientific statement for healthcare professionals from the American heart association/American stroke association stroke council. Stroke 2009;40:2276-93.
Van Gijn J, Kerr R, Rinkel G. Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Lancet 2007;369:306-18.
Wardlaw JM, White PM. The detection and management of unruptured intracranial aneurysms. Brain 2000;123:205-21.
Hijdra A, Braakman R, van Gijn J, Vermeulen M, van Crevel H. Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Complications and outcome in a hospital population. Stroke 1987;18(6):1061-7.
Kreiter KT, Copeland D, Bernardini GL, Bates JE, Peery S, et al. Predictors of cognitive dysfunction after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke 2002;33:200-8.
Wilkins RH. Cerebral vasospasm. Crit Rev Neurobiol 1990; 6:51-77.
Dorsch NW. Cerebral arterial spasm a clinical review. Br J Neurosurg. 1995;9:403-12.
Ciurea AV, Palade C, Voinescu D, Nica DA. Subarachnoid hemorrhage and cerebral vasospasm Literature review. J Med Life Issue 2, April-June 2013;120-5.
Dietrich HH, Dacey RG Jr. Molecular keys to the problems of cerebral vasospasm. Neurosurgery 2000;46(3):517-30.
Vatter H, Weidauer S, Dias S, Preibisch C, Ngone S, et al. Persistence of the nitric oxide dependent vasodilator pathway of cerebral vessels after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. Neurosurgery 2007;60(1):179-87.
Osuka K, Watanabe Y, Usuda N, Atsuzawa K, Yoshida J, Takayasu M. Modification of endothelial nitric oxide synthase through AMPK after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurotrauma 2009;26(7):1157-65.
Shih HC, Lin CL, Wu SC, Kwan AL, Hong YR, et al. Upregulation of estrogen receptor alpha and mediation of 17beta estradiol vasoprotective effects via estrogen receptor alpha in basilar arteries in rats after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 2008;109(1):92-9.
Yanagisawa M, Kurihara H, Kimura S, Tomobe Y, Kobayashi M, et al. Novel potent vasoconstrictor peptide produced by vascular endothelial cells. Nature 1988;332(6163):411-5.
Rubanyi GM, Polokoff MA. Endothelins: molecular biology, biochemistry, pharmacology, physiology, and pathophysiology. Pharmacol Rev 1994;46:325-415.
Yamaji T, Johshita H, Ishibashi M. Endothelin family in human plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1990;71:1611-5.
Zimmermann M, Seifer V. Endothelin and subarachnoid hemorrhage: an overview. Neurosurgery 1998;43(4):863-75.
Vatter H, Konczalla J, Weidauer S, Preibisch C, Raabe A, et al. Characterization of the endothelin B receptor expression and vasomotor function during experimental cerebral vasospasm. Neurosurgery 2007;60(6):1100-8.
Ansar S, Vikman P, Nielsen M, Edvinsson L. Cerebrovascular ETB, 5 HT1B, and AT1 receptor upregulation correlates with reduction in regional CBF after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2007;293(6):H3750-8.
Baranova O, Miranda LF, Pichiule P, Dragatsis I, Johnson RS, et al. Neuron specific inactivation of the hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha increases brain injury in a mouse model of transient focal cerebral ischemia. J Neurosci 2007;27:6320-32.
Yan J, Chen C, Lei J, Yang L, Wang K, et al. 2 methoxyestradiol reduces cerebral vasospasm after 48 hours of experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats. Exp Neurol 2006;202 (2):348-56.
McGirt MJ, Pradilla G, Legnani FG, Thai QA, Recinos PF, et al. Systemic administration of simavastatin after the onset of experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage attenuates cerebral vasospasm. Neurosurgery 2006;58(5):945-51.
Wilkins RH. Cerebral vasospasm. Crit Rev Neurobiol 1990;6:51-77.
Zhou ML, Shi JX, Hang CH, Cheng HL, Qi XP, Mao L, et al. Potential contribution of nuclear factor kappaB to cerebral vasospasm after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in rabbits. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2007;27(9):1583 92.
Lu H, Shi JX, Chen HL, Hang CH, Wang HD, Yin HX. Expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 inthe cerebral artery after experimental subarachnoid hemmorrhage. Brain Res 2009;1262: 73-80.
Karaoglan A, Akdemir O, Barut S, Kokturk S, Uzun H, Tasyurekli M, et al. The effect of resveratrol on vasospasm after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats. Surg Neurol 2008;70(4):337-43.
Matz PG, Copin JC, Chan PH. Cell death after exposure to sub arachnoid hemolysate correlates inversely with expression of CuZn superoxide dismutase. Stroke 2000;31:2450-59.
Cahill J, Calvert JW, Solaroglu I, Zhang JH. Vasospasm and p53 induced apoptosis in an experimental model of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Stroke. 2006;37(7):1868-74.
Cheng G, Wei L, Zhi Dan S, Shi Guang Z, Xiang Zhen L. Atorvastatin ameliorates cerebral vasospasm and early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage and inhibits caspase dependent apoptosis pathway. BMC Neurosci 2009;10:7.
Ciurea AV, Palade C, Voinescu D, Nica DA. Subarachnoid hemorrhage and cerebral vasospasm. Literature review. J Med Life 2013;6, Issue 2, April-June:120-5.
Christopher D. Baggott, Beverley Aagaard-Kienitz. Cerebral Vasospasm. Neurosurg Clin N Am 2014;25:497-528.
Nazli Janjua, Stephan A. Cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage. Current Opinion in Critical Care 2003;9:113-9.
Álvarez-Fernández Jesús A. Doppler transcraneal en el coma tras parada cardíaca. Rev Neurol 2011; 53 (9): 545-54.