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2016, Número 3

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Investigación en Discapacidad 2016; 5 (3)


El papel del canal Kv1.3 en el desarrollo de la artritis reumatoide

Santoyo-Sánchez M, Ríos-Pérez A, Furuzawa-Carballeda J, Durán-Hernández D, Hernández-Medina E, Esquivel-Álvarez Y, Muñoz-Soto RB

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 50
Paginas: 146-155
Archivo PDF: 265.23 Kb.


RESUMEN

La artritis reumatoide es una enfermedad autoinmune caracterizada por un proceso inflamatorio de las articulaciones. La etiología no está del todo definida; sin embargo, diversos factores de riesgo como la genética del individuo, la exposición a infecciones, o bien, desórdenes de tipo inmune pueden estar involucrados. Los mecanismos moleculares y celulares de la enfermedad incluyen el reclutamiento de ciertos tipos celulares, así como la expresión de citocinas proinflamatorias en los tejidos y sus alrededores. Pero también es cierto que algunas otras moléculas podrían tener un papel importante en la patogénesis de la enfermedad. Uno de los recientes candidatos es el canal Kv1.3. Esta proteína regula el flujo de iones potasio y activa rutas de señalización en diversos tipos celulares, incluyendo los linfocitos T. Estas células son elementos clave en el desarrollo de la artritis reumatoide, ya que inducen la síntesis de citocinas proinflamatorias en tejidos afectados. Kv1.3 se expresa altamente en ciertos linfocitos T reguladores relacionados con enfermedades autoinmunes; por ende, se ha sugerido como un blanco potencial para agentes terapéuticos. A la fecha, diversos inhibidores de este canal se han sintetizado, o bien, aislado de diversas fuentes naturales, lo que sugiere una gran cantidad de oportunidades para modular las respuestas inmunes que pueden desencadenarse a través de la señalización de Kv1.3.


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