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2016, Número 4

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Revista Cubana de Salud Pública 2016; 42 (4)


Ejercicio intermitente de alta intensidad como estrategia terapéutica para diabéticos tipo 2 residentes en alturas intermedias

Moreno-Bayona JA, Cote MF

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 37
Paginas: 1-15
Archivo PDF: 699.15 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción: El ejercicio físico contribuye al control glicémico en los pacientes diabéticos y disminuye la aparición de complicaciones.
Objetivo: Identificar una modalidad de ejercicio eficiente para los pacientes con diabetes tipo 2 residentes en alturas intermedias.
Métodos: Estudio de tipo cuantitativo de carácter cuasi experimental. Se evaluaron 15 pacientes con diagnóstico de diabetes tipo 2, residentes en Pamplona, Colombia, adscritos a una institución prestadora de servicios de salud. La muestra se dividió de forma aleatoria en tres grupos: cinco pacientes para el grupo de ejercicio combinado, cinco para el grupo de ejercicio intermitente de alta intensidad y cinco controles, sin actividad física alguna. Todos los participantes realizaron actividad física sistemática y supervisada durante ocho semanas entre septiembre y octubre de 2014. Se midieron las concentraciones de hemoglobina glicosilada antes y después de la intervención para cada uno de los tres grupos.
Resultados: Ambas modalidades de ejercicio disminuyeron significativamente las concentraciones del marcador serológico analizado. Para el ejercicio combinado: antes de la prueba 7,20 %; después de la prueba 6,80 % (-0,40). Para el ejercicio intermitente de alta intensidad: antes 7,50; después 7,08 (-0,42); por el contrario, el grupo control presentó aumento en las concentraciones de hemoglobina glicosilada: antes 8,30 % y después 8,42 % (+0,12).
Conclusiones: La modalidad de ejercicio intermitente de alta intensidad disminuye en mayor proporción las concentraciones de hemoglobina glicosilada, de ahí que sea la opción de actividad física más eficiente para los pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 residentes en alturas intermedias.


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