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2016, Número 2

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Rev Mex Anest 2016; 39 (2)


Bloqueo residual neuromuscular en pacientes hospitalizados versus ambulatorios en la Unidad de Cuidados Postanestésicos

Mari-Zapata D, Ángeles-de la Torre R, Aguirre-Ibarra C, Álvarez-Reséndiz G, Ocampo A, Gutiérrez-Porras C

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 47
Paginas: 97-105
Archivo PDF: 206.13 Kb.


RESUMEN

Los bloqueadores neuromusculares se utilizan para lograr intubación traqueal, asegurar la vía aérea y facilitar algunos procedimientos quirúrgicos. Al término del procedimiento el anestesiólogo debe asegurar la recuperación de todos los reflejos protectores de vía aérea. El bloqueo residual postanestésico con TOF ‹ 90% y los eventos adversos más comunes son secundarios a complicaciones respiratorios críticas relacionado con el bloqueo neuromuscular residual, la realización de un monitoreo neuromuscular proporciona datos que aumentan la seguridad del paciente. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la incidencia de bloqueo residual en pacientes sometidos a anestesia general hospitalizados versus ambulatorios. El estudio es observacional, prospectivo, longitudinal, comparativo y abierto. Incluyeron pacientes con consentimiento informado, ASA I-III, 18-70 años, anestesia general con bloqueador neuromuscular, estancia mínima de una hora en UCPA, Aldrete 8-9. Toma del TOF a llegada recuperación y cada 15 minutos en caso de continuar TOF ‹ 90%. Evaluación del ENA con respecto al TOF. El análisis estadístico se llevó a cabo con el paquete estadístico SPSS 22, considerándose una diferencia significativa con una p ‹ 0.05%. Resultados: Incidencia general de bloqueo residual 25.3% (n = 51) y más frecuente en cirugía ambulatoria 27.5% (n = 19). Conclusiones: Pacientes sometidos a anestesia general para cirugía ambulatoria presentan mayor frecuencia de bloqueo residual.


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