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2015, Número 4

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Rev Mex Med Repro 2015; 7.8 (4)


Aspectos fisiopatológicos y repercusiones reproductivas de los endometriomas ováricos

García-Luna González-Rubio A, Preciado-Ruiz R, García Luna-Vásquez A, Rodríguez-Guerrero RE, Castro-Gordo MM

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 46
Paginas: 145-152
Archivo PDF: 413.96 Kb.


RESUMEN

Existen diversas teorías para explicar la formación del endometrioma ovárico. Quizá la más aceptada es la de la invaginación de la corteza ovárica que forma un pseudoquiste, que explica parcialmente la génesis de los endometriomas. Existe evidencia de efectos negativos del endometrioma en los ovocitos circundantes. En relación con el tratamiento profertilidad de los endometriomas, al parecer la cistectomía del endometrioma tiene mejores resultados en cuanto a menor recurrencia, disminución del dolor y probabilidad de embarazo, comparada con el drenaje y ablación de los implantes endometriósicos. La superficie externa y la cápsula del endometrioma regularmente contienen folículos ováricos, por lo que su excéresis potencialmente puede disminuir la reserva ovárica e incrementar el riesgo de insuficiencia ovárica prematura. Se necesitan más estudios de la fisiopatología del endometrioma para desarrollar mejores líneas de tratamiento.


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