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Federación Mexicana de Ginecología y Obstetricia, A.C.

2015, Número 11

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Ginecol Obstet Mex 2015; 83 (11)


Mitos y realidades de los anticonceptivos reversibles de larga duración

Neyro JL, Cristóbal I, Celis-González C, Gómez M, Elorriaga MÁ, Lira-Plascencia J

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 76
Paginas: 707-721
Archivo PDF: 466.61 Kb.


FRAGMENTO

Antecedentes: para que una mujer recurra a la anticoncepción no solo se requiere la aceptación sino también su posibilidad de mínimos o nulos efectos secundarios, la comodidad y la tranquilidad de su seguridad. Hay mujeres para quienes no es inconveniente la toma diaria de la píldora, pero para otras muchas sí, de lo que se desprende que no obstante su seguridad, no se adaptan a la necesidad de la mujer. Los dispositivos intrauterinos han alcanzado cuotas de elevada eficacia clínica y seguridad para su uso en cualquier grupo de mujeres, incluidas las nulíparas.
Metodología: se efectuó una búsqueda de artículos originales y revisiones sistemáticas publicados en los últimos diez años en la base de datos de PubMed, específicamente de estudios de anticoncepción hormonal reversible de larga duración. Se incluyeron, en los distintos motores de búsqueda, las palabras: Long-Acting Reversible Contraception, intrauterine contraceptive method, contraceptive implants and intrauterine, myths about IUDs, y otros. Se seleccionaron los de mayor nivel de evidencia y se analizaron 76 documentos y de éstos se ubicaron los mitos y las realidades en torno de la anticoncepción de larga duración.
Conclusiones: existen demasiados mitos y percepciones aceptadas como paradigmas alrededor de los dispositivos intrauterinos, sobre todo acerca de su indicación a mujeres nulíparas, que no se sostienen por la evidencia científica. La eficacia clínica de la anticoncepción intrauterina es igual en mujeres nulíparas que en multíparas; aunque es probable que la inserción sea más dolorosa en las primeras, pero no más difícil.


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