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2015, Número 1

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Invest Medicoquir 2015; 7 (1)


Relación del grosor íntima media carotídeo con factores de riesgo y lesiones coronarias

Pérez BA, Muñoz ÁJ, Ravelo LK, Abreu CA, Puig FMJ, Aldama PL

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 47
Paginas: 4-27
Archivo PDF: 245.66 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción: Las enfermedades cardiovasculares constituyen la primera causa de muerte en Cuba; la cardiopatía isquémica y específicamente el infarto agudo del miocardio (IAM) ocupan un lugar cimero, supone alrededor de un tercio de esta mortalidad. El 95 % de la etiología de la enfermedad de las arterias coronarias se debe a la aterosclerosis. Identificar pacientes con aterosclerosis subclínica es vital para revertir estas estadísticas. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, prospectivo, analítico para evaluar la relación entre el grosor íntima-media carotídeo (GIMC) con factores de riesgo cardiovasculares y la prevalencia de enfermedad coronaria. Se tomó una muestra de 72 pacientes a los cuales se les realizó coronariografía y medición del GIMC. Los parámetros tomados en cuenta fueron: sexo, edad, factores de riesgo coronarios, los resultados de la coronariografía según la presencia o no de enfermedad coronaria significativa, número y tipo de arteria afectada, además del valor del GIMC a nivel de ambas carótidas comunes promediado. Se diseñó una base de datos para procesamiento estadístico. Resultados: Se encontró relación proporcional del GIMC con la Hipertensión Arterial (HTA), hipercolesterolemia, edad y sexo, igualmente con las lesiones coronarias significativas, sin estar asociado al tipo de arteria específica ni el número de ellas. Se obtuvo un una sensibilidad de 75.5 % y una especificidad de 71.4 % con un valor predictivo positivo de 86 % para el diagnóstico de enfermedad coronaria. Conclusiones: Se concluye que el GIMC tiene valor como predictor de enfermedad aterosclerótica.


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