2014, Número 2
Sarcocystis sp. en zanates (Quiscalus mexicanus), tordos (Molothrus aeneus) y gorriones (Aimophila ruficauda) de México
Sánchez GFD, Chávez MF, Méndez BA, García EG, Guerrero MC, Ledesma MN, Morales SE
Idioma: Español/Inglés
Referencias bibliográficas: 37
Paginas: 1-13
Archivo PDF: 1325.84 Kb.
RESUMEN
El objetivo es describir las características morfológicas, ultraestructurales, la
reacción en cadena de la polimerasa, el patrón de polimorfismo de longitud
de fragmentos de restricción (PCR-RFLP), la secuencia y el análisis filogenético
de un fragmento del espacio de transcripción interno (ITS-1). Para ello se
usaron los iniciadores 25/396 de
Sarcocystis sp. detectados en el músculo
de zanates, tordos y gorriones de México. Se estudiaron 15 aves con sarcocistosis
en el músculo esquelético: siete zanates (
Quiscalus mexicanus),
seis tordos (
Molothrus aeneus) y dos gorriones (
Aimophila ruficauda). En
la histopatología se observaron quistes parasitarios maduros de pared delgada.
Ultraestructuralmente la pared de los quistes consiste de una capa
granular con protrusiones “vilares” con microtúbulos. Los bradizoitos miden
4.1 X 1.6 µ m y los micronemas aparecieron en el tercio anterior del conoide.
Para la identificación molecular, se realizó PCR-RFLP utilizando un fragmento
específico del ITS-1 amplificado con los iniciadores 25/396 y digerido con
la enzima
Hinf I. El fragmento no presentó sitio de corte para
Hind III. Las
secuencias obtenidas de
Sarcocystis de las tres diferentes especies de aves
presentaron una similitud de 100% entre ellas; cuando estas secuencias se
compararon con la base de datos (GenBank) se encontró 96% de similitud
con secuencias de
S. neurona. El análisis filogenético mostró que las secuencias
en estudio presentaron una topología distinta a las secuencias consignadas
para
S. neurona en los Estados Unidos de América y en América del Sur,
y no estaban relacionadas con ningún grupo previamente reportado. Aunque
la morfología y el análisis molecular sugieren ampliamente, que se trata de
S. neurona y que estas aves pueden ser huéspedes intermediarios de estos
parásitos, es necesario llevar a cabo estudios moleculares con fragmentos
de DNA adicionales, combinados con pruebas biológicas, para identificar por
completo a este parásito. Este es el primer reporte de
Sarcocystis sp. en aves
silvestres en México y podría tratarse de
S. neurona.
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