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2015, Número 1

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Rev Med UV 2015; 15 (1)


El hipocampo: neurogénesis y aprendizaje

Olivares HJD, Juárez AE, García GF

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 103
Paginas: 20-28
Archivo PDF: 920.07 Kb.


RESUMEN

El aprendizaje y la memoria son dos procesos cognitivos trascendentales para la adaptación y la supervivencia de los organismos. Ambas conductas son procesadas en el sistema nervioso central y su regulación requiere de la participación de diversas estructuras cerebrales. Una de estas estructuras es el hipocampo, el cual está asociado en parte con la memoria declarativa. De manera interesante, el hipocampo es una de las dos regiones del cerebro adulto dónde se producen nuevas neuronas. Estás nuevas neuronas tienen la capacidad de integrarse a las redes neuronales del hipocampo. Resultados recientes sugieren que las nuevas neuronas participan en la regulación de funciones cognitivas asociadas a esta estructura cerebral. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de la presente revisión es describir brevemente las evidencias que muestran el papel funcional de las nuevas neuronas en el contexto del aprendizaje y la memoria.


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