González-Puertos VY, Maciel-Barón LÁ, Barajas-Gómez BA, López-Diazguerrero NE, Königsberg M

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 96
Paginas: 491-500
Archivo PDF: 313.88 Kb.

RESUMEN

La senescencia celular es la etapa en donde las células llegan al máximo de su capacidad proliferativa; en mamíferos es un importante mecanismo supresor de tumores, ya que limita la proliferación de células con riesgo de transformación neoplásica, aunque también contribuye al deterioro asociado con el envejecimiento y al establecimiento de diversas enfermedades. Ello se explica debido a que las células senescentes secretan moléculas que comprometen el microambiente celular y tisular, que en conjunto se denominan fenotipo secretor asociado a la senescencia (senescence-associated secretory phenotype [SASP]). El SASP está compuesto por citocinas, quimiocinas, factores de crecimiento, proteasas, etc., que tienen como función principal perpetuar el estado antiproliferativo y fomentar la eliminación de las células senescentes por el sistema inmune. Sin embargo, a lo largo del tiempo, y en particular en organismos viejos, el SASP puede contener factores que estimulan la proliferación y transformación de células premalignas. El SASP tiene un papel multifuncional que depende del tipo celular que lo reciba y del estado en el que se encuentre, por lo que, dependiendo del contexto biológico, el SASP puede ser benéfico, al participar en procesos de reparación y regeneración, o perjudicial, por promover enfermedades degenerativas e hiperplásicas

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