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2015, Número 1

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Rev Cubana Estomatol 2015; 52 (1)


Medicina regenerativa aplicada en el tratamiento de defectos óseos del macizo craneofacial

Morales ND

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 52
Paginas: 63-78
Archivo PDF: 171.42 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción: la medicina regenerativa es un cautivador campo de investigación de las ciencias biomédicas, y constituye una prometedora alternativa terapéutica en expansión para el tratamiento de los defectos óseos esqueletales, incluidos los del complejo craneofacial.
Objetivo: realizar una revisión bibliográfica sobre el empleo de la medicina regenerativa en el tratamiento de defectos óseos del macizo craneofacial.
Métodos: se realizó una revisión en el periodo comprendido entre junio y julio de 2013. Se evaluaron revistas de impacto de la Web of Sciencies relacionadas con este tema (28 revistas) y 2 revistas cubanas. Se consultaron las bases de datos de sistemas referativos, como MEDLINE, PubMed y SciELO con la utilización de descriptores como "craniofacial bone defects", "craniofacial regenerative medicine", "bone regeneration", “bone reconstruction”, "bone scaffolds" y sus contrapartes en español. Se incluyeron artículos en idioma inglés y español y publicaciones de los últimos 5 años, con excepción de 1 de mayor tiempo. Se obtuvieron 115 artículos, el estudio se circunscribió a 51 que enfocaron esta temática de manera más integral. Se revisó un libro.
Resultados: al analizar el comportamiento de los artículos sobre la temática de estudio respecto a su representatividad en las diferentes revistas científicas donde fueron publicados, 11,8 % de ellos correspondieron, respectivamente, a las revistas Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery y The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery. Los restantes artículos estuvieron distribuidos de manera uniforme entre las otras revistas.
Conclusiones: todas las publicaciones revisadas coinciden en pronunciar que hemos entrado en una nueva era en la regeneración del hueso bucofacial, donde la mejora de los materiales osteoinductivos, las terapias basadas en CM, entre otros elementos de esta rama de investigación, se pueden utilizar para mejorar y acelerar los resultados clínicos deseables en áreas como el trauma, distracción, defectos craneofaciales, de tamaño crítico y por exéresis de entidades patológicas, atrofia alveolar, osteonecrosis y elevación de la mucosa sinusal maxilar.


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