medigraphic.com
ISSN 1027-2852 (Digital)
ISSN 0864-4551 (Impreso)

2014, Número 4

<< Anterior Siguiente >>

Biotecnol Apl 2014; 31 (4)


Observaciones sobre el congreso La patogénesis del VIH, virus contra hospedero, Alberta, Canadá, marzo 9-14, 2014

Ramírez-Suárez A, Paneque-Guerrero T, Casillas-Casanova D, Fernández-Ortega C

Idioma: Ingles.
Referencias bibliográficas: 58
Paginas: 323-327
Archivo PDF: 267.80 Kb.


RESUMEN

La terapia antirretroviral combinada ha sido muy eficiente en suprimir la replicación del VIH, pero no cura la infección. Esto se debe a la presencia de ADN viral integrado en las células infectadas. Para lograr la cura del VIH, debe entenderse profundamente la interacción entre el virus y su hospedero. Es por ello que la comunidad científica dedica esfuerzos a comprender en detalle la patogénesis de este virus. El presente trabajo resume aspectos relevantes discutidos en la Conferencia Patogénesis del VIH, Virus contra Hospedero, la cual se celebró en Fairmont Banff Springs, Banff, Alberta, Canadá, entre el 9 y el 14 de marzo del año 2014. En ella se discutieron los últimos avances en la biología del VIH como: la entrada del virus a la célula, entrada al hospedero, la salida del virus, genética virus-hospedero y co-evolución, interacciones virus-hospedero y respuestas, reservorios, latencia, reactivación, VIH y sistema nervioso central, modelos animales así como la microbioma en la mucosa. El evento se celebró de manera simultánea con la Conferencia Vacunas VIH: Más allá de la inmunidad adaptativa. Ambos escenarios constituyeron una oportunidad magnífica para analizar el estado de la investigación del VIH y los nuevos retos en la batalla contra la infección.


REFERENCIAS (EN ESTE ARTÍCULO)

  1. Katlama C, Deeks SG, Autran B, Martinez-Picado J, van Lunzen J, Rouzioux C, et al. Barriers to a cure for HIV: new ways to target and eradicate HIV-1 reservoirs. Lancet. 2013;381(9883):2109-17.

  2. Finzi D, Blankson J, Siliciano JD, Margolick JB, Chadwick K, Pierson T, et al. Latent infection of CD4+ T cells provides a mechanism for lifelong persistence of HIV-1, even in patients on effective combination therapy. Nat Med. 1999;5(5):512-7.

  3. Siliciano JD, Kajdas J, Finzi D, Quinn TC, Chadwick K, Margolick JB, et al. Long-term follow-up studies confirm the stability of the latent reservoir for HIV-1 in resting CD4+ T cells. Nat Med. 2003;9(6):727-8.

  4. Finzi D, Hermankova M, Pierson T, Carruth LM, Buck C, Chaisson RE, et al. Identification of a reservoir for HIV-1 in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy. Science. 1997;278(5341):1295-300.

  5. Blankson J, Persaud D, Siliciano RF. Latent reservoirs for HIV-1. Curr Opin Infect Dis. 1999;12(1):5-11.

  6. Maartens G, Celum C, Lewin SR. HIV infection: epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment, and prevention. Lancet. 2014;384(9939):258-71.

  7. Este JA, Cihlar T. Current status and challenges of antiretroviral research and therapy. Antiviral Res. 2010;85(1):25-33.

  8. Hecht R, Stover J, Bollinger L, Muhib F, Case K, de Ferranti D. Financing of HIV/ AIDS programme scale-up in low-income and middle-income countries, 2009-31. Lancet. 2010;376(9748):1254-60.

  9. Hill AM, Cho M, Mrus JM. The costs of full suppression of plasma HIV RNA in highly antiretroviral-experienced patients. AIDS Rev. 2011;13(1):41-8.

  10. International, Aids Society Scientific Working Group on H. I. V. Cure, Deeks SG, Autran B, Berkhout B, Benkirane M, Cairns S, et al. Towards an HIV cure: a global scientific strategy. Nat Rev Immunol. 2012;12(8):607-14.

  11. Trono D, Van Lint C, Rouzioux C, Verdin E, Barre-Sinoussi F, Chun TW, et al. HIV persistence and the prospect of long-term drug-free remissions for HIV-infected individuals. Science. 2010;329(5988):174-80.

  12. Saez-Cirion A, Bacchus C, Hocqueloux L, Avettand-Fenoel V, Girault I, Lecuroux C, et al. Post-treatment HIV-1 controllers with a long-term virological remission after the interruption of early initiated antiretroviral therapy ANRS VISCONTI Study. PLoS Pathog. 2013;9(3):e1003211.

  13. Persaud D, Gay H, Ziemniak C, Chen YH, Piatak M, Jr., Chun TW, et al. Absence of detectable HIV-1 viremia after treatment cessation in an infant. N Engl J Med. 2013;369(19):1828-35.

  14. National Institutes of Health (NIH). “Mississippi baby” now has detectable HIV, researchers find. 2014 [cited 2014 Dec 17]. Available from: http://www.niaid. nih.gov/news/newsreleases/2014/pages/ mississippibabyhiv.aspx

  15. Lewis MG, DaFonseca S, Chomont N, Palamara AT, Tardugno M, Mai A, et al. Gold drug auranofin restricts the viral reservoir in the monkey AIDS model and induces containment of viral load following ART suspension. Aids. 2011;25(11): 1347-56.

  16. Hamer DH. Can HIV be Cured? Mechanisms of HIV persistence and strategies to combat it. Curr HIV Res. 2004;2(2):99-111.

  17. Archin NM, Liberty AL, Kashuba AD, Choudhary SK, Kuruc JD, Crooks AM, et al. Administration of vorinostat disrupts HIV-1 latency in patients on antiretroviral therapy. Nature. 2012;487(7408):482-5.

  18. Margolis DM. Histone deacetylase inhibitors and HIV latency. Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 2011;6(1):25-9.

  19. Matalon S, Palmer BE, Nold MF, Furlan A, Kassu A, Fossati G, et al. The histone deacetylase inhibitor ITF2357 decreases surface CXCR4 and CCR5 expression on CD4(+) T-cells and monocytes and is superior to valproic acid for latent HIV-1 expression in vitro. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2010;54(1):1-9.

  20. Rasmussen TA, Schmeltz Sogaard O, Brinkmann C, Wightman F, Lewin SR, Melchjorsen J, et al. Comparison of HDAC inhibitors in clinical development: effect on HIV production in latently infected cells and T-cell activation. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2013;9(5):993-1001.

  21. Yin H, Zhang Y, Zhou X, Zhu H. Histonedeacetylase inhibitor Oxamflatin increase HIV-1 transcription by inducing histone modification in latently infected cells. Mol Biol Rep. 2011;38(8):5071-8.

  22. Victoriano AF, Imai K, Togami H, Ueno T, Asamitsu K, Suzuki T, et al. Novel histone deacetylase inhibitor NCH-51 activates latent HIV-1 gene expression. FEBS Lett. 2011;585(7):1103-11.

  23. Furumai R, Matsuyama A, Kobashi N, Lee KH, Nishiyama M, Nakajima H, et al. FK228 (depsipeptide) as a natural prodrug that inhibits class I histone deacetylases. Cancer Res. 2002;62(17):4916-21.

  24. Huber K, Doyon G, Plaks J, Fyne E, Mellors JW, Sluis-Cremer N. Inhibitors of histone deacetylases: correlation between isoform specificity and reactivation of HIV type 1 (HIV-1) from latently infected cells. J Biol Chem. 2011;286(25):22211-8.

  25. Imai K, Togami H, Okamoto T. Involvement of histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) methyltransferase G9a in the maintenance of HIV-1 latency and its reactivation by BIX01294. J Biol Chem. 2010;285(22):16538-45.

  26. Bernhard W, Barreto K, Saunders A, Dahabieh MS, Johnson P, Sadowski I. The Suv39H1 methyltransferase inhibitor chaetocin causes induction of integrated HIV-1 without producing a T cell response. FEBS Lett. 2011;585(22):3549-54.

  27. Battistini A, Sgarbanti M. HIV-1 latency: an update of molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies. Viruses. 2014;6(4):1715-58.

  28. Xing S, Bullen CK, Shroff NS, Shan L, Yang HC, Manucci JL, et al. Disulfiram reactivates latent HIV-1 in a Bcl-2-transduced primary CD4+ T cell model without inducing global T cell activation. J Virol. 2011;85(12):6060-4.

  29. Spivak AA, Hoh R, Bacchetti P, Eisele E, Buckheit R, Lai J, et al. Safety and feasibility of using disulfiram to enhance HIV transcription among long-term ARV-treated adults: Preliminary results from a pilot study. Proceedings of the 19th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections; 2012 March 5-8; Seattle, USA. 2012.

  30. Xing S, Bhat S, Shroff NS, Zhang H, Lopez JA, Margolick JB, et al. Novel structurally related compounds reactivate latent HIV-1 in a bcl-2-transduced primary CD4+ T cell model without inducing global T cell activation. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2012;67(2):398-403.

  31. Migueles SA, Osborne CM, Royce C, Compton AA, Joshi RP, Weeks KA, et al. Lytic granule loading of CD8+ T cells is required for HIV-infected cell elimination associated with immune control. Immunity. 2008;29(6):1009-21.

  32. Barouch DH, Deeks SG. Immunologic strategies for HIV-1 remission and eradication. Science. 2014;345(6193):169-74.

  33. Barouch DH, Whitney JB, Moldt B, Klein F, Oliveira TY, Liu J, et al. Therapeutic efficacy of potent neutralizing HIV-1-specific monoclonal antibodies in SHIV-infected rhesus monkeys. Nature. 2013;503(7475):224-8.

  34. Shingai M, Nishimura Y, Klein F, Mouquet H, Donau OK, Plishka R, et al. Antibody-mediated immunotherapy of macaques chronically infected with SHIV suppresses viraemia. Nature. 2013;503(7475):277-80.

  35. Klein F, Halper-Stromberg A, Horwitz JA, Gruell H, Scheid JF, Bournazos S, et al. HIV therapy by a combination of broadly neutralizing antibodies in humanized mice. Nature. 2012;492(7427):118-22.

  36. Chun TW, Engel D, Mizell SB, Ehler LA, Fauci AS. Induction of HIV-1 replication in latently infected CD4+ T cells using a combination of cytokines. J Exp Med. 1998;188(1):83-91.

  37. Chun TW, Engel D, Mizell SB, Hallahan CW, Fischette M, Park S, et al. Effect of interleukin- 2 on the pool of latently infected, resting CD4+ T cells in HIV-1-infected patients receiving highly active anti-retroviral therapy. Nat Med. 1999;5(6):651-5.

  38. Vandergeeten C, Fromentin R, Chomont N. The role of cytokines in the establishment, persistence and eradication of the HIV reservoir. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2012;23(4-5):143-9.

  39. Hutter G, Nowak D, Mossner M, Ganepola S, Mussig A, Allers K, et al. Longterm control of HIV by CCR5 Delta32/ Delta32 stem-cell transplantation. N Engl J Med. 2009;360(7):692-8.

  40. Allers K, Hutter G, Hofmann J, Loddenkemper C, Rieger K, Thiel E, et al. Evidence for the cure of HIV infection by CCR5Delta32/ Delta32 stem cell transplantation. Blood. 2011;117(10):2791-9.

  41. Yukl SA, Boritz E, Busch M, Bentsen C, Chun TW, Douek D, et al. Challenges in detecting HIV persistence during potentially curative interventions: a study of the Berlin patient. PLoS Pathog. 2013;9(5):e1003347.

  42. Henrich TJ, Hu Z, Li JZ, Sciaranghella G, Busch MP, Keating SM, et al. Long-term reduction in peripheral blood HIV type 1 reservoirs following reduced-intensity conditioning allogeneic stem cell transplantation. J Infect Dis. 2013;207(11):1694-702.

  43. Henrich TJ, Hanhauser E, Marty FM, Sirignano MN, Keating S, Lee TH, et al. Antiretroviral-free HIV-1 remission and viral rebound after allogeneic stem cell transplantation: report of 2 cases. Ann Intern Med. 2014;161(5):319-27.

  44. Buchholz F, Hauber J. Engineered DNA modifying enzymes: components of a future strategy to cure HIV/AIDS. Antiviral Res. 2013;97(2):211-7.

  45. Perez EE, Wang J, Miller JC, Jouvenot Y, Kim KA, Liu O, et al. Establishment of HIV- 1 resistance in CD4+ T cells by genome editing using zinc-finger nucleases. Nat Biotechnol. 2008;26(7):808-16.

  46. Mussolino C, Morbitzer R, Lutge F, Dannemann N, Lahaye T, Cathomen T. A novel TALE nuclease scaffold enables high genome editing activity in combination with low toxicity. Nucleic Acids Res. 2011;39(21):9283-93.

  47. Schiffer JT, Aubert M, Weber ND, Mintzer E, Stone D, Jerome KR. Targeted DNA mutagenesis for the cure of chronic viral infections. J Virol. 2012;86(17):8920-36.

  48. Tebas P, Stein D, Tang WW, Frank I, Wang SQ, Lee G, et al. Gene editing of CCR5 in autologous CD4 T cells of persons infected with HIV. N Engl J Med. 2014;370(10):901-10.

  49. Lalezari JMR, Wang S, Lee G, Giedlin M, Tang W, Spratt K, et al. A single infusion of zinc finger nuclease CCR5 modified autologous CD4 T cells (SB-728-T) increases CD4 counts and leads to decrease in HIV proviral load in an aviremic HIV-infected subject. Proceedings of the 19th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections; 2012 March 5-8; Seattle, USA. 2012.

  50. June CTP, Stein D, Mitsuyasu R, Lalezari J, Wang S, Lee G, et al. Introduction of acquired CCR5 deficiency with zinc finger nuclease-modified autologous CD4 T cells (SB-728-T) correlates with increases in CD4 count and effects on viral load in HIV-infected subjects. Proceedings of the 19th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections; 2012 March 5-8; Seattle, USA. 2012.

  51. Holt N, Wang J, Kim K, Friedman G, Wang X, Taupin V, et al. Human hematopoietic stem/ progenitor cells modified by zinc-finger nucleases targeted to CCR5 control HIV-1 in vivo. Nat Biotechnol. 2010;28(8):839-47.

  52. Westby M, Lewis M, Whitcomb J, Youle M, Pozniak AL, James IT, et al. Emergence of CXCR4-using human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) variants in a minority of HIV-1-infected patients following treatment with the CCR5 antagonist maraviroc is from a pretreatment CXCR4-using virus reservoir. J Virol. 2006;80(10):4909-20.

  53. Nedellec R, Coetzer M, Lederman MM, Offord RE, Hartley O, Mosier DE. Resistance to the CCR5 inhibitor 5P12-RANTES requires a difficult evolution from CCR5 to CXCR4 coreceptor use. PLoS One. 2011;6(7):e22020.

  54. Wilen CB, Wang J, Tilton JC, Miller JC, Kim KA, Rebar EJ, et al. Engineering HIV-resistant human CD4+ T cells with CXCR4-specific zinc-finger nucleases. PLoS Pathog. 2011; 7(4):e1002020.

  55. Didigu CA, Wilen CB, Wang J, Duong J, Secreto AJ, Danet-Desnoyers GA, et al. Simultaneous zinc-finger nuclease editing of the HIV coreceptors ccr5 and cxcr4 protects CD4+ T cells from HIV-1 infection. Blood. 2014;123(1):61-9.

  56. Bruner KM, Hosmane NN, Siliciano RF. Towards an HIV-1 cure: measuring the latent reservoir. Trends Microbiol. 2015;23(4):192-203

  57. De Crignis E, Mahmoudi T. HIV eradication: combinatorial approaches to activate latent viruses. Viruses. 2014;6(11):4581-608.

  58. Rubbert A, Behrens G, Ostrowski M. Pathogenesis of HIV-1 Infection. In: Hoffmann C, Rockstroh JK, editors. HIV 2011. 2011. Hamburg: Medizin Fokus. Available from: http:// www.hivbook.com




2020     |     www.medigraphic.com