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2015, Número 1

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Rev Cuba Endoc 2015; 26 (1)


Marcadores moleculares en el cáncer de tiroides

Marrero RMT, Sinconegui GB, Cruz CA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 45
Paginas: 93-104
Archivo PDF: 105.20 Kb.


RESUMEN

La importancia del estudio del nódulo tiroideo es excluir una lesión maligna, ya que, aunque la mayoría son lesiones benignas, existe un riesgo de malignidad de un 5- 10 %. La mayoría de estos son carcinomas bien diferenciados, que se originan del epitelio folicular. A pesar de que la mayoría de las lesiones son benignas, la distinción entre estas y los carcinomas, es crucial para un tratamiento y seguimiento apropiado. La biopsia por punción con aguja fina permite realizar el diagnóstico en la mayoría de los casos, sin embargo, esta presenta limitaciones, particularmente referidas al diagnóstico de las lesiones foliculares. En un esfuerzo por mejorar la precisión diagnóstica de la biopsia y ofrecer nuevos criterios para el diagnóstico, múltiples marcadores moleculares han sido propuestos, algunos de los cuales presentan gran aprobación, mientras que otros requieren aún validación para su implementación. En este artículo se realiza una revisión actualizada de los marcadores moleculares que presentan mayor número de evidencias, los que son metodológicamente más asequibles y potencialmente utilizables para el diagnóstico prequirúrgico del nódulo tiroideo.


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