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2014, Número 1

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CorSalud 2014; 6 (1)


Factores asociados a la prehipertensión arterial en jóvenes de 20 a 25 años de edad

Merino BSI, Pérez FGA, Garí LM, González FV, González CB, Moreno-Martínez FL, Flores MJJ

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 55
Paginas: 25-35
Archivo PDF: 506.44 Kb.


RESUMEN

Introducción: La hipertensión arterial constituye un importante problema de salud a nivel mundial. La prehipertensión es una categoría que se ha estudiado poco en los jóvenes.
Objetivo: Determinar los factores asociados a la prehipertensión arterial en jóvenes entre 20 a 25 años de edad.
Método: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal a un universo constituido por 257 estudiantes de segundo año de medicina. Por muestreo aleatorio simple se escogieron 134 jóvenes entre 20 a 25 años de edad, correspondientes al curso académico 2009-2010.
Resultados: Se observó una prevalencia de prehipertensión arterial de 27,6 %. Los del sexo masculino (51,5 %) y de color de piel blanca (59,7 %) fueron los más afectados. El ambiente familiar, el antecedente personal de bajo peso al nacer (OR=2,3; p=0.179) y la edad gestacional menor de 37 semanas (OR=2,5; p=0.187) no influyeron en la posibilidad de presentar cifras prehipertensivas en los jóvenes de esta muestra.
Conclusiones: El índice de masa corporal elevado (OR=34,1; p‹0.001), los antecedentes familiares de hipertensión arterial (OR=12; p‹0.01) y la obesidad familiar (χ2= 11,19; p=0.001), fueron los factores más fuertemente asociados a la prehipertensión arterial en estos jóvenes.


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