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2014, Número 2

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Rev Cubana Invest Bioméd 2014; 33 (2)


Crecimiento pre y postnatal asociados a sobrepeso corporal en escolares de Bayamo

Suárez RM, Ruiz ÁV, Alegret RM, Díaz SME, Hernández TM

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 135
Paginas: 204-230
Archivo PDF: 238.33 Kb.


RESUMEN

Objetivo: identificar la asociación entre factores prenatales y relacionados con el primer año de vida y su influencia en el sobrepeso corporal de edades ulteriores.
Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, retrospectivo, analítico, de casos y controles en el municipio Bayamo con 200 escolares con sobrepeso corporal y 200 niños normales de 6-11 años de edad, de la misma zona de residencia, nacidos de madres con similar edad gestacional de 37-42 semanas, homogéneos en edad y sexo y con historia de no afecciones de salud. En el análisis estadístico se estimó el riesgo asociado como Odd Ratio.
Resultados: se mostró una fuerte asociación entre el sobrepeso corporal en la edad escolar y la ganancia de peso excesiva en los primeros 4 meses de vida, bajo peso, reducida longitud supina y circunferencia cefálica en el momento del nacimiento y hábito de fumar, insuficiente ganancia de peso corporal, bajo IMC y enfermedades de la madre durante el embarazo.
Conclusiones: estos factores deben ser considerados en la prevención de la obesidad infantil. La ganancia de peso acelerada en los primeros meses de vida de niños nacidos con afectación del crecimiento fetal debe ser prevenida.


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