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2014, Número 2

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Evid Med Invest Salud 2014; 7 (2)


Endocarditis infecciosa

Santaularia-Tomas M, Vega-Sánchez ÁE, Pérez-Román DI

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 46
Paginas: 76-83
Archivo PDF: 346.05 Kb.


RESUMEN

La EI (endocarditis infecciosa) es una enfermedad cuya incidencia es de 3 a 9 casos por cada 100,000 habitantes en países industrializados. La población más vulnerable son las personas de edad avanzada y sexo femenino. La EI se define como una infección que puede afectar a distintos sitios del corazón, como válvulas cardiacas, defectos septales, cuerdas tendinosas y endoncardio. Se calcula que la EI afecta en 77% de los casos a válvulas nativas, de las cuales el 43.3% son válvulas mitrales y 26.3% válvulas de la aórtica. Los principales microorganismos causantes de la EI son estafilococos, estreptococos y enterococos. Su diagnóstico se realiza principalmente por clínica, con apoyo de estudios de laboratorio y ecocardiográficos. La estrategia de manejo incluye medidas farmacológicas con antibióticos bactericidas de primera elección y procedimientos quirúrgicos.


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