2014, Número 3
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Acta Ortop Mex 2014; 28 (3)
Artroplastía unicompartimental medial de rodilla con prótesis Oxford fase 3. Resultados con seguimiento de 2 a 11 años
Mallen-Trejo A, Díaz-Borjón E, Makdissy-Salomón GJ, Montejo-Vargas J, Marcial-Barba LD
Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 39
Paginas: 153-159
Archivo PDF: 248.81 Kb.
RESUMEN
Introducción: En los últimos años se ha visto un amplio interés renovado en la artroplastía unicompartimental como resolución de la artrosis medial de rodilla debido a las ventajas sobre la prótesis total de rodilla.
Métodos: Se realizó un estudio epidemiológico retrospectivo en el cual se estudiaron 25 pacientes consecutivos (30 rodillas) de Enero de 2002 a Septiembre de 2013, sometidos a artroplastía unicompartimental de rodilla con prótesis Oxford fase 3 con el uso de insertos de polietileno con diseño ultracongruente. Con un promedio de seguimiento de 6.1 años (1.1-11.5 años). Se analizaron variables demográficas como peso, talla e índice de masa corporal y variables perioperatorias como valores de hemoglobina, sangrado y tiempo quirúrgico; evaluamos la función pre- y postoperatoria de los pacientes de acuerdo a escalas clínicas y funcionales. Realizamos una evaluación clínica y radiológica del implante revisando la presencia de cambios artrósicos en los compartimentos no intervenidos.
Resultados: Se observó una óptima sobrevida del implante. El Knee Score Society clínico mejoró de 61 en el preoperatorio a 84 al momento final del seguimiento obteniendo un 90% de resultados excelentes y buenos. Al final del seguimiento obtuvimos un promedio postquirúrgico de flexión de 120
o y con extensión completa. Sólo dos pacientes presentaron resultados satisfactorios por progresión de la artrosis en el compartimento lateral y únicamente un paciente requirió conversión en dos tiempos a prótesis total debido a infección periprotésica.
Conclusión: La artroplastía unicompartimental de rodilla es una cirugía menos invasiva con buenos resultados clínicos y funcionales. El éxito del procedimiento se basa en la correcta selección de los pacientes.
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