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2014, Número 1

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Rev cubana med 2014; 53 (1)


Respuesta bioquímica y molecular ante el daño cerebral agudo

Soler MCD, León PD, Larrondo MH, Godoy DA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 58
Paginas: 76-90
Archivo PDF: 230.72 Kb.


RESUMEN

El daño cerebral agudo desencadena, entre otros, una respuesta caracterizada por alteraciones bioquímicas y moleculares al nivel local y sistémico, que crean las condiciones para mayor daño cerebral o determinan procesos isquémicos secundarios que inician o aumentan esta respuesta. Destacan entre ellas la disglicemia, los trastornos del sodio y la osmolaridad, así como la respuesta inflamatoria. Cada uno de estos trastornos puede presentarse con manifestaciones clínicas variadas, en ocasiones de forma inadvertida, por lo representan un verdadero reto para el médico intensivista. A pesar de que no constituyen el problema principal en estos pacientes, su reconocimiento precoz, monitorización y tratamiento adecuado son imprescindibles para evitar el agravamiento del daño cerebral ya existente y disminuir la mortalidad y las secuelas permanentes. Junto a la hipoxemia y la hipotensión, estas alteraciones contribuyen significativamente al empeoramiento del pronóstico y a la mortalidad, al definir, en gran medida, la magnitud del déficit neurológico final.


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