Estela-Escalante WD, Rychtera M, Melzoch K, Torres-Ibáñez F, Calixto-Cotos R, Bravo-Araníbar N, Memenza-Zegarra ME, Chávez-Guzmán YM

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 66
Paginas: 5-14
Archivo PDF: 244.27 Kb.

RESUMEN

Se estudió el efecto de la aireación en la actividad fermentativa de Brettanomyces intermedius RIVE 2-2-2 en cultivo mixto con< i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae RIVE 15-1-416 con el objetivo de evaluar la producción de compuestos químicos de importancia sensorial. Para ello se cultivaron ambas cepas en matraces Erlenmeyer conteniendo jugo de manzana estéril sin aroma. Los compuestos químicos producidos durante la fermentación en cultivo agitado (200 min^-1) o estático (sin agitación) fueron determinados por cromatografía gaseosa y líquida. Los resultados mostraron que la agitación durante el cultivo, disminuye la producción de glicerol (0.53±0.1 g/L) y ácido acético (94.0±10.0 mg/L) e incrementa la producción de alcoholes superiores (1.009 g/L) y etil acetato (122.0±5.0 mg/L). Cultivos por lote realizados adicionalmente en biorreactor con un flujo de aire de 25 l/h reportaron una tasa de crecimiento (µ) y rendimiento de biomasa (Y_x/s) de 0.05 h^-1 y 0.24 (g biomasa seca/g azúcar) respectivamente. Al término del cultivo, no se observó presencia de ácido acético y además las concentraciones de etanol y glicerol alcanzaron valores de 0.34±0.1 g/L y 1.3±0.05 g/L respectivamente. Los mejores resultados en términos de calidad organoléptica de la sidra en lo referente al sabor y olor se obtuvieron en la fermentación en cultivo estático. El control de la aireación es una herramienta útil para controlar la actividad fermentativa de estas dos cepas en cultivo mixto.

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