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ISSN 0016-3813 (Impreso)

2005, Número 3

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Gac Med Mex 2005; 141 (3)


Envenenamiento por picaduras de abeja

de Roodt AR, Salomón OD, Orduna TA, Robles OLE, Paniagua SJF, Alagón CA

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 80
Paginas: 215-222
Archivo PDF: 82.34 Kb.


RESUMEN

Dentro de las patologías humanas producidas por animales con la capacidad de inocular veneno, las picaduras de abeja producen el mayor número de accidentes por animales en muchos países, superando a menudo en mortalidad a los producidos por serpientes, escorpiones y arañas. El cuadro clínico por la picadura de estos himenópteros puede consistir en fenómenos alérgicos o en cuadros de envenenamiento. Estos últimos se producen por el ataque de enjambres constituyendo un hecho grave que puede comprometer la vida. En el sujeto envenenado pueden observarse hemólisis, rabdomiólisis e insuficiencia renal, que junto a otras alteraciones sistémicas pueden conducir a la muerte. El conocimiento de los acontecimientos fisiopatológicos que se producen ante los ataques masivos de abejas es de suma importancia para el personal de salud dado que hasta la fecha no existen antivenenos que hayan demostrado tener eficacia clínica comprobada. En esta revisión se consideran los aspectos biológicos de las abejas y de la composición de su veneno relacionado con la ocurrencia y severidad de los accidentes, así como datos epidemiológicos de utilidad para enfrentarse a este tipo de cuadro.


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