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2014, Número 1

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Revista Cubana de Obstetricia y Ginecología 2014; 40 (1)


Infección por Chlamydia trachomatis como cofactor en la etiología del cáncer cervical

Frontela NM, Rodríguez MY, Ríos HMÁ, Hernández MM

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 54
Paginas: 68-78
Archivo PDF: 143.56 Kb.


RESUMEN

Se ha demostrado que la infección por el virus del papiloma humano es una condición necesaria pero no suficiente para el desarrollo del cáncer de cuello de útero, ya que solo un pequeño número de las mujeres expuestas progresan a neoplasia cervical. El objetivo de este estudio fue revisar la literatura científica reciente acerca del papel de Chlamydia trachomatis como cofactor en el establecimiento del virus del papiloma humano y en el desarrollo del cáncer de cuello de útero. Entre los cofactores propuestos se incluyen otras infecciones de transmisión sexual, hábito de fumar, hormonas, deficiencias nutricionales, obesidad y respuesta genético-inmunológica del individuo. Chlamydia trachomatis es la más común de las infecciones de transmisión sexual de origen bacteriano y se ha asociado con el desarrollo del cáncer de cuello de útero en muchos estudios poblacionales y de casos y controles. Sin embargo, todavía es necesario esclarecer algunos aspectos de la relación causa-efecto entre la infección por Chlamydia trachomatis, la persistencia del virus del papiloma humano y la progresión a cáncer. La prevención de la infección por Chlamydia trachomatis puede ser importante en la reducción de este tipo de neoplasia, fundamentalmente en mujeres jóvenes.


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