López-Velarde PT, López-Velarde BP

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 31
Paginas: 54-60
Archivo PDF: 202.03 Kb.

RESUMEN

El manejo de las enfermedades oncológicas y hematológicas ha tenido un gran avance en los últimos años; sin embargo, conlleva un riesgo importante de complicaciones, y los efectos sobre el sistema cardiovascular (reversibles o irreversibles) pueden llevar al paciente con una enfermedad maligna a falla cardiaca, entre otras complicaciones, y afectar su pronóstico. La valoración, diagnóstico y manejo de las complicaciones cardiacas secundarias a quimioterapia y/o radioterapia es un verdadero reto para oncólogos y cardiólogos. En esta revisión literaria se discuten los principales conceptos sobre clasificación, diagnóstico y manejo de las complicaciones cardiovasculares secundarias a quimioterapia y radioterapia.

REFERENCIAS (EN ESTE ARTÍCULO)

1. 1.Suter TM, Ewer MS. Cancer drugs and the heart: importance and management. Eur Heart J. 2013; 34: 1102-1111.

2. 2.Yeh ET, Bickford CL. Cardiovascular complications of cancer therapy: incidence, pathogenesis, diagnosis and management. J AM Coll Cardiol. 2009; 53: 2231-2247.

3. 3.Cardinale D, Sandri MT, Martinoni A, Borghini E, Civelli M, Lamantia G et al. Myocardial injury revealed by plasma troponin I in breast cancer treated with high dose chemotherapy. Ann Oncol. 2002; 13: 710-715.

4. 4.Cardinale D, Sandri MT, Colombo A, Colombo N, Boeri M, Lamantia G et al. Prognostic value of troponin I in cardiac risk stratification of cancer patients undergoing high-dose chemotherapy. Circulation. 2004; 109: 2749-2754.

5. 5.Cardinale D, Colombo A, Lamantia G, Colombo N, Civelli M, De Giacomo G et al. Anthracycline-induced cardiomyopathy: clinical relevance and response to pharmacologic therapy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010; 55: 213-220.

6. 6.Smith LA, Cornelius VR, Plummer CJ, Levitt G, Verrill M, Canney P, Jones A. Cardiotoxicity of anthracycline agents for the treatment of cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMC Cancer. 2010; 10: 337.

7. 7.Van Dalen EC, van der Pal HJ, Caron HN, Kremer LC. Different dosage schedules for reducing cardiotoxicity in cancer patients receiving anthracycline chemotherapy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009; 4: CD 005008.

8. 8.Ewer MS, Ewer SM. Cardiotoxicity of anticancer treatments: what the cardiologist needs to know. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2010; 7: 564-575.

9. 9.Casper ES, Gaynor JJ, Hajdu SI, Magill GB, Tan C, Friedrich C, Brennan MF. A prospective randomized trial of adjuvant chemotherapy with bolus versus continuous infusion of doxorubicin in patients with high-grade extremity soft- tissue sarcoma and an analysis of prognostic factors. Cancer. 1991; 68 (6): 1221.

10. 10.Shapira J, Gotfried M, Lishner M, Ravid M. Reduced cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin by a 6-hour infusion regimen. A prospective randomized evaluation. Cancer. 1990; 65 (4): 870.

11. 11.Smiseth OA, Edvardsen T, Skulstad H. Cardioprotection during chemotherapy J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013; 61: 23.

12. 12.Ewer MS, Vooletich MT, Durand JB, Woods ML, Davis JR, Valero V et al. Reversibility of trastuzumab-related cardiotoxicity: new insights based on clinical course and response to medical treatment. J Clin Oncol. 2005; 23: 7820-7826.

13. 13.Force T, Krause DS, Van Etten RA. Molecular mechanisms of cardiotoxicity of tyrosine kinase inhibition. Nat Rec Cancer. 2007; 7: 332-344.

14. 14.Paris F, Fuks Z, Kang A, Capodieci P, Juan G, Ehleiter D et al. Endothelial apoptosis as the primary lesion initiating intestinal radiation damage in mice. Science. 2001; 293: 293-297.

15. 15.Ali MK, Buzdar AU, Ewer MS, Cheng RS, Haynie TP. Noninvasive cardiac evaluation of patients receiving adriamycin-containing adjuvant chemotherapy (FAC) for stage II or III breast cancer. J Surg Oncol. 1983; 23 (3): 212.

16. 16.Hid JA, Olson EN. Cardiac plasticity. Mechanisms of disease. N Engl J Med. 2008; 358: 1370-1380.

17. 17.Torrent-Guasp F, Kocica MJ, Corno A, Komeda M, Cox J, Flotats A et al. Systolic ventricular filling. Eur J Cardio Thor Surg. 2004; 25: 376-386.

18. 18.Piegari E, Di Salvo G, Castaldi B, Vitelli MR, Rodolico G, Golino P et al. Myocardial strain analysis in doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy model. Ultrasound Med Biol. 2008; 34: 370-378.

19. 19.Ganame J, Claus P, Uyttebroeck A, Renard M, D’hooge J, Bijnens B et al. Myocardial dysfunction late after low-dose anthracycline treatment in asymptomatic pediatric patients. J Am Echocardiogr. 2007; 20: 1351-1358.

20. 20.Hare JL, Brown JK, Leano R, Jenkins C, Woodward N, Marwick TH et al. Use of myocardial deformation imaging to detect preclinical myocardial dysfunction before conventional measures in patients undergoing breast cancer treatment with trastuzumab. Am Heart J. 2009; 158: 294-301.

21. 21.Jurcut R, Wildiers H, Ganame J, D’hooge J, De Backer J, Denys H et al. Strain rate imaging detects early cardiac effects of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin as adjuvant therapy in elderly patients with breast cancer. J Am Echocardiogr. 2008; 21: 1283-1289.

22. 22.Sawaya H, Sebag IA, Plana JC, Januzzi JL, Ky B, Cohen V et al. Early detection and prediction of cardiotoxicity in chemotherapy-treated patients. Am J Cardiol. 2011; 107: 1375-1380.

23. 23.Hirohiko M, Koyama J, Aso S, Aizawa K, Koshikawa M, Kasai H et al. Torsion analysis in the early detection of anthracycline -mediated cardiomyopathy. Eur Heart J Cardiov Im. 2013; 13: 95-103.

24. 24.Van Dalen EC, Caron HN, Dickinson HO, Kremer LC. Cardioprotective interventions for cancer patients receiving anthracyclines, Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011; 6: CD 003917.

25. 25.Van Dalen, EC, Michiels EM, Caron HN, Kremer LC. Different anthracycline derivates for reducing cardiotoxicity in cancer patients. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010; 5: CD 005006.

26. 26.Zalupski M, Metch B, Balcerzak S, Fletcher WS, Chapman R, Bonnet JD et al. Phase III comparison of doxorubicin and dacarbazine given by bolus versus infusion in patients with soft-tissue sarcomas: a Southwest Oncology Group study. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1991; 83 (13): 926-932.

27. 27.Schucter LM, Hensley ML, Meropol NJ, Winer EP. 2002 update of recommendations for the use of chemotherapy and radiotherapy protectants: clinical practice guidelines of the American Society of Clinical Oncology. J Clin Oncol 2002; 20: 2895. Updated In: Hensley LM, Hagerty KL, Kewalramani T, Green DM, Meropol NJ, Wasserman TH et al. American Society of Clinical Oncology 2008 clinical practice guideline update: use of chemotherapy and radiation therapy protectants. J Clin Oncol. 2008; 27: 127-132.

28. 28.http://www.uptodate.com/contents/cardiotoxicity-of-anthracycline-like-chemotherapy-agents [consulta 15/09/13].

29. 29.Nakame H, Tsumura K, Terada Y, Nakane T, Nakamae M, Ohta K et al. Notable effects of angiotensin II receptor blocker, valsartan, on acute cardiotoxic changes after standard chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone. Cancer. 3005; 104: 2492-2498.

30. 30.Bosch X, Rovira M, Stiges M, Domènech A, Ortiz-Pérez JT, de Caralt TM et al. Enalapril and carvedilol for preventing chemotherapy-induced left ventricular systolic dysfunction in patients with malignant hemopathies: the OVERCOME trial (prevention of left ventricular dysfunction with enalapril and carvedilol in patients submitted to intensive chemotherapy for the treatment of malignant hemopathies). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013; 61: 2355-2362.

31. 31.Bartoszek A, Lukowics J, Peszyiska-Sularz G, Piasek A, Popadiuk S, Grajek W. Cardioprotection during cancer chemotherapy with the use of natural antioxidants: review of literature and results of own studies. Ejc Supplements. 2010; 8 (2): 20-21.