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2014, Número 1

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Cir Cir 2014; 82 (1)


Marcadores moleculares: una herramienta importante en el diagnóstico, tratamiento y epidemiología de la aspergilosis invasora

Frías-de León MG, Acosta-Altamirano G, Duarte-Escalante E, Martínez-Hernández JE, Martínez-Rivera MÁ, Reyes-Montes MR

Idioma: Español
Referencias bibliográficas: 44
Paginas: 109-118
Archivo PDF: 387.70 Kb.


RESUMEN

El incremento en la incidencia de la aspergilosis invasora representa un grave problema para el tratamiento de pacientes con esta micosis, debido a su elevada tasa de mortalidad por deficiencias diagnósticas y terapéuticas. Éstas se han atribuido a la dificultad para detectar Aspergillus fumigatus, principal agente etiológico de esta micosis, en las muestras biológicas de pacientes inmunosuprimidos, que son los principales afectados por el hongo; además por la resistencia a los antifúngicos como consecuencia del uso incontrolado de éstos, a nivel profiláctico y terapéutico, y el desconocimiento de aspectos epidemiológicos de la aspergilosis. En la actualidad, para superar estas limitaciones se han empleado marcadores moleculares. En México su uso aún no está implementado en la rutina de los laboratorios intrahospitalarios, porque a pesar de que se han reportado ampliamente en la bibliografía, hace falta validarlos y estandarizarlos para asegurar que los resultados que se obtengan en cualquier laboratorio sean confiables y comparables. En este trabajo se presenta una revisión actualizada de la utilidad de los marcadores moleculares en la identificación certera de A. fumigatus en la detección de resistencia a los antifúngicos triazólicos y en estudios epidemiológicos para establecer las medidas necesarias en la prevención y control de la aspergilosis.


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